郑州地区商代建筑夯土材料的科技分析与研究——以郑州商城和郑州小双桥遗址为例

Scientific analysis and research on rammed earth materials of the Shang Dynastyin Zhengzhou area: taking Zhengzhou Shang City and ZhengzhouXiaoshuangqiao sites as examples

本研究以郑州商城和小双桥遗址发现的不同建筑类型的夯土材料(城墙、高台基址、建筑基础、水井等)为对象,利用显微观察、拉曼光谱分析、粒度分析、磁化率测定、烧失量测定等科技方法,结合形貌特征比对开展综合研究。研究初步探析了郑州地区商代各类型夯土材料的结构、组成和物性特征。通过土壤微形态分析等方法有效识别了夯土的微观结构、组分和微构造,揭示了先民夯筑行为对原生土壤的改造现象,进而探讨了夯土在建造和使用时期的人地关系。

Based on the rammed earth materials for different types of architecture,such as city walls,high-platform foundations,building foundations and wells,found at Zhengzhou Shang City and Zhengzhou Xiaoshuangqiao sites,a comprehensive analysis was conducted using a series of methods including microscopic observation,Raman spectrometry,determination of loss on ignition and magnetic susceptibility,etc.,in combination with the comparison of morphological characteristics.This analysis revealed the mineral composition and physical properties of various types of rammed earth materials of the Shang Dynasty in Zhengzhou area.Furthermore,through the soil micro-morphological analysis to distinguish the microscopic structure and texture of rammed earth,the phenomenon of ramming behavior transforming the native soil environment was recognized,and the human-environment relationship during the construction and utilization of rammed earth was explored.