颅内压监测和脑氧监测在颅脑损伤中应用的研究进展

Progress in the application of intracranial pressure monitoring and cerebral oxygen monitoring in traumatic brain injury

颅脑损伤(TBI)的发病率、致残率及病死率高。继发颅内亚(ICP)增高和脑缺血缺氧严重影响TBI病人的预后。与单纯ICP监测相比,ICP联合脑氧监测可更好地评估病人脑血流灌注及脑组织氧合情况,能为矫正病人脑氧代谢失衡提供及时、准确的依据。本文将简述TBI继发ICP增高和脑缺血缺氧的机制,并就近年来ICP监测和脑氧监测在TBI病人诊疗中单独及联合应用进展进行综述,以期为TBI病人的临床诊治及神经多模态监测研究提供参考。

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)has high rates of incidence,disability,and mortality.The prognosis of TBI patients is significantly influenced by secondary intracranial hypertension,as well as cerebral ischemia and hypoxia.Compared to sole intracranial pressure(ICP)monitoring,the combination of ICP and cerebral oxygen monitoring can provide a more comprehensive evaluation of cerebral blood perfusion and tissue oxygenation.This combined approach offers a timely and accurate basis for correcting imbalances in cerebral oxygen metabolism in TBI patients.This article briefly describes the mechanisms underlying increased ICP,as well as secondary cerebral ischemia and hypoxia resulting from TBI.Additionally,it will review recent advancements in both ICP monitoring and cerebral oxygen monitoring,whether used alone or in combination,for the diagnosis and treatment of TBI patients,in order to provide valuable insights for clinical diagnosis,treatment,and multimodal neurological monitoring research for TBI patients.