短视频中的乡村教师形象与塑造

Image and Reconstruction of Rural Teachers in the Short Videos

乡村教师在短视频中的媒介形象从多方面影响着乡村教师队伍建设。通过对抖音短视频平台中的乡村教师形象进行梳理发现:当前乡村教师呈现守护型、阳光型、压力型、悲情型、污名型五类媒介形象;形象塑造存在媒体的报道框架固化,对选题的挖掘度不够;乡村教师的自我建构欠缺,对媒介的利用度不够等问题。重视短视频中的乡村教师形象塑造有利于增进身份认同,提升乡村教师的职业吸引力;有利于提高从教意愿,保障乡村师资的稳定输入;有利于增强社会认同,提升教师轮岗交流的成效。据此,从“他塑”和“自构”的视角提出了短视频中乡村教师形象的塑造建议:一是新闻媒体账号要重塑“他者”构建下的公众认知,丰富报道议题,同时做到客观真实报道;二是乡村教师群体要勇于进行自我形象的建构,提升媒介素养,也要涵养自身素质,主动解构污名形象。

The media image of rural teachers in short videos affects the construction of rural teachers in many as-pects.Through combing the images of rural teachers in the TikTok short video platform,it is found that the current rural teachers present five medium images:guardian,sunshine,stress,sadness and stigma;there are issues in the image con-struction,such as the media reporting framework is solidified,and the mining of the topic selection is insufficient;the lack of the rural teachers'self-construction and the utilization of media.Prioritizing the image construction of rural teachers in short videos is conducive to enhancing identity recognition and increasing the professional attractiveness of rural teachers,fostering a willingness to engage in teaching and ensuring a stable input of rural teaching resources,improving social rec-ognition,and thereby enhancing the effectiveness of teacher rotation program.Based on this,recommendations for con-structing the image of rural teachers in short videos are proposed from the perspective of"other-construction"and"self-construction",the news media accounts under the construction of the"other'should reconstruct the public cognition,enrich the reporting issues and realize the objective reality;the rural teacher community should bravely engage in self-image con-struction,enhance media literacy,nurture personal qualities,and actively deconstruct stigmatized images.