试论秦简所见“守府”

The Study of“Shou Fu”in Bamboo Slips of the Qin Dynasty

秦简中常见有“守府”的记载。秦代“守府”者的来源主要是隶臣,当隶臣不足时方以隶妾和戍卒充任。“守府”的工作地点主要是在县廷和各官署,工作内容有看守、传递文书和接收文书或物资,工作时长大概为2~3年。秦代“守府”的含义在法律文书中表示看守官府,在行政文书中则表示暂署官府。“守府”含义的差异是秦地方行政实践不断发展的结果。

There is often a record of“Shoufu”in the Qin slips.The source of“Shou Fu”in the Qin Dynasty was mainly the Li Chen,and when the Li Chen was insufficient,it was the Li Qie and the garrison soldiers.The workplace of“Shoufu”is mainly in the county government and various government offices,and the work content includes guard⁃ing,delivering documents,and receiving documents or materials.The working time is about 2~3 years.The meaning of“Shoufu”in the Qin Dynasty signifies guarding the government in legal documents and temporarily belonging to the gov⁃ernment in administrative documents.The difference in the meaning of“Shoufu”is the result of the continuous develop⁃ment of local administrative practices in the Qin Dynasty.