再生纤维在棉纺领域高值化利用的研究与工艺实现

Research and process realization of high value utilization of recycled fiber in cotton spinning

物理开松法是国内废旧纺织品再生利用的最主要方法,其通过对废旧纺织品进行切割、撕破、开松等机械处理,直接将废旧纺织品加工成再生纤维,但这种回收方法会降低纤维长度、破坏纤维的力学性能。研究了不同道数的开松和不同形式的开松打手对回丝、机织物、针织物3种废旧纺织品原料进行机械开松的影响,并将得到的再生纤维与其他纤维原料进行混纺试验。研究发现:开松+混合+梳理新型工艺能对废旧纺织品进行柔性开松梳理,生产可满足环锭纺基本需求的再生纤维,将其与其他纤维混纺,可生产满足下游需求的纱线,实现再生纤维的高值化利用。

The method of mechanical opening and loosening is the primary technique for recycling waste textiles domestically.This process involves cutting,tearing and loosening the waste textiles to directly produce recycled fibers.However,this recycling method may reduce fiber length and compromise the mechanical properties of the fibers.The study explored the effects of different opening processes and opening tools on regenerated fibers from three types of wasted textiles:recycled yarns,woven fabrics and knitted fabrics.By conducting blending experiments with the obtained regenerated fibers and other fiber materials,the results show that a new process combining opening,blending and carding can flexibly open and card waste textiles,producing regenerated fibers that meet the basic requirements of ring spinning.By blending these regenerated fibers with other materials,it is possible to produce yarns that meet downstream demand,so as to realize the high-value utilization of recycled fibers.