天然气储气井泄漏伤害定量计算及风险评估

Quantitative Calculation and Risk Assessment of Leakage Damage in Natural Gas Storage Wells

天然气储气井是高压储气设施,为天然气储备和调峰提供了重要的支撑作用。因其运行环境特殊,在高压低温环境下,其附件和本体会产生点蚀、氢脆、腐蚀、磨损的可能性较大,具有一定的危险性。文章针对加气站真实工况中点蚀形成的小孔径泄漏和外力冲击形成的大孔径泄漏进行预设,直径分别为2 mm和20 mm,并针对不同泄漏孔径进行了泄漏量的计算,应用喷射火模型和蒸气云爆炸模型进行数值计算对比,用数值模拟软件模拟蒸气云爆炸前汽云扩散状态图,并为加气站安全管理、消防及安全疏散提供建议。

Natural gas storage wells are high-pressure gas storage facilities that provide important support for natural reserves and peak shaving.Due to its unique operating environment,there is a high possibility of pitting corrosion,hydrogen embrittlement,corrosion,and wear on its accessories and components in high-pressure and low-temperature environments,which poses certain risks.This article focuses on the preset small aperture leakage caused by pitting corrosion and large aperture leakage caused by external impact in the real working conditions of gas stations,with diameters of 2 mm and 20 mm respectively.The leakage amount is calculated for different leakage apertures,and numerical calculations are compared using the jet fire model and the steam cloud explosion model.Numerical simulation software is used to simulate the diffusion state diagram of the steam cloud before the steam cloud explosion,and to provide safety management for gas stations provide suggestions for fire safety and evacuation.