2020-2022年淮安市某医院儿童手足口病病原学及流行病学

Etiological and epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in 576 children of a hospital in Huai'an from 2020 to 2022

目的调查2020-2022年淮安市某医院儿童手足口病病原学及流行病学.方法回顾性收集2020年1月—2022年12月淮安市妇幼保健院收治的232例手足口病患儿临床资料,所有患儿均经病毒核酸检测确诊,统计其病原学及性别、职业、发病年龄、发病时间等情况.结果2020-2022年,柯萨奇病毒A16型(CA16)和肠道病毒71型(EV71)感染占比分别为80.00%、50.50%、62.75%和20.00%、49.50%、37.25%,三年总占比分别为63.36%和36.64%;性别主要分布在男性,占比分别为58.75%、55.45%、54.90%,三年总占比为56.47%;职业分布主要在散居儿童,占比分别为61.25%、51.49%、62.75%,三年总占比为57.33%,学生占比最少,分别为6.25%、5.94%、5.88%,三年总占比为6.03%;发病年龄主要分布在0岁~、1岁~、2岁~,占比分别为32.50%、30.00%、18.75%,31.68%、28.71%、20.79%,33.33%、27.45%、21.57%,三年总占比分别为32.33%、28.88%、20.26%;发病时间均主要分布在第二季度,占比分别为81.25%、79.21%、80.39%,三年总占比为80.17%.结论2020-2022年淮安市某医院手足口病患儿主要感染病毒种类为CA16,男性、散居儿童及0岁~、1岁~、2岁~儿童更易患病,其主要流行季节为第二季度,临床可针对以上特征对相关儿童进行针对性干预,降低其手足口病发生的风险.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiology of hand-foot-mouth disease in a hospital of Huaian City,2020-2022.METHODS Clinical data of 232 children with hand-foot-mouth disease admitted to the Huaian Mater-nal and Child Health Hospital from Jan.2020 to Dec.2022 were retrospectively collected.All the children were confirmed by viral nucleic acid detection.The etiological composition,gender,occupation,age of onset,and time distribution of onset were analyzed.RESULTS From 2020 to 2022,the percentage of Coxsackievirus A16(CA16)and Enterovirus 71(EV71)infections were 80.00%,50.50%,62.75%and 20.00%,49.50%and 37.25%,re-spectively,with a three-year total of 63.36%and36.64%,respectively.The gender distribution was mainly dis-tributed in males,with a percentage of 58.75%,55.45%and 54.90%respectively,with a three-year total of 56.47%.The occupational distribution was mainly among scattered children,with 61.25%,51.49%and 62.75%,respectively,with a three-year total of 57.33%.The students had the least percentage,with 6.25%,5.94%and 5.88%,respectively,and the a three-year total of 6.03%.The age of onset was mainly distributed in 0-,1-and 2-years,accounting for 32.50%,30.00%,18.75%,31.68%,28.71%,20.79%,33.33%,27.45%and 21.57%,respectively,with a total three-year percentage of 32.33%,28.88%and 20.26%,respec-tively.The time of onset of the disease were all mainly distributed in the second quarter,accounting for 81.25%,79.21%and 80.39%,respectively,with a three-year total of 80.17%.CONCLUSION From 2020 to 2022,chil-dren with hand-foot-mouth disease in a hospital in Huai an city were mainly infected with CA16,and males,scat-tered children,and children aged 0-,1-,and 2-were more susceptible to the disease,and the main epidemic season was the second quarter,so clinical intervention could be tailored to the above characteristics to reduce the risk of hand-foot-mouth disease in the children concerned.