新生儿乳糖不耐受诊疗的现状与展望

Current status and prospect of diagnosis and treatment ofneonatal lactose intolerance

乳糖不耐受是指因乳糖酶数量不足或活性低下引起乳糖吸收不良,继而引发一种或多种消化道不适症状。新生儿以发育型及继发型乳糖酶缺乏为主,临床症状多样,容易被漏诊、误诊。新生儿乳糖不耐受常通过粪便还原糖及pH测定、尿半乳糖测定来辅助诊断,但目前还有许多医院未开展相关检查项目。虽然目前新生儿乳糖不耐受缺乏专门的指南,但在促进母乳喂养的大背景下,减少特殊奶粉的滥用,合理使用高效、优质的乳糖酶显得尤为重要。此外,我国新生儿乳糖不耐受诊疗所涉及的一系列问题还需要进一步探索,如何在乳糖不耐受治疗中找到平衡点将是今后研究的一个方向。

Lactose intolerance refers to the poor absorption of lactose caused by insufficient number or low activity of lactase,which leads to one or more gastrointestinal symptoms.Newborns are mainly developmental and secondary lactase deficiency,with various clinical symptoms,which are easy to be missed and misdiagnosed.Neonatal lactose intolerance is often diagnosed by fecal reducing sugar and pH determination and urinary galactose determination,but there are still many hospitals that have not carried out related inspection projects.Although there is currently a lack of specific guidelines for neonatal lactose intolerance,but in the context of promoting breastfeeding,reducing the abuse of special milk powder,and rational use of efficient,high-quality lactase is particularly important.In addition,a series of problems involved in the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal lactose intolerance in China need to be further explored.How to find a balance point in the treatment of lactose intolerance will be a direction for future research.