专业注入与集体激活:社工参与农村公共服务供给的实践逻辑——以北京市赵庄子村为例

Expertise Injection,Collective Activation,and the Practical Logic of Social Workers'Participation in the Provision of Rural Public Services:A Case Study of Zhaozhuangzi Village in Beijing City

党的二十大报告提出建设宜居宜业和美乡村,为农民提供精神文化活动、居家养老、妇女儿童家庭支持等公共服务显得日益重要。学术界对社工参与农村公共服务供给的实践价值和作用进行了经验总结,但是,对社工如何通过发挥专业特长提升村庄公共服务供给水平的微观机制的分析有待进一步深入。本文以集体行动为视角,结合交易成本和社会资本理论,对北京市赵庄子村的个案研究发现:在基层党组织领导的驻村服务中,社工可以发挥专业特长,与村干部和村民共同供给公共服务,通过关系融合降低村庄集体行动的交易成本,通过技能补位提高村庄集体行动的社会效益,通过理念更新增强村庄集体行动的价值认同,最终提升村庄公共服务供给水平。本文研究结论为形成中国特色的社工参与农村公共服务供给机制提供了启示,即:通过“党社结合”发展,社工注入专业性服务资源,激活村庄集体行动,改善村庄公共服务供给能力,推动农村社会建设和乡村振兴进程。

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to build a beautiful,prosperous,and harmonious countryside that is desirable to live and work in.The importance of improving rural public services including the spiritual and cultural activities,home-based elderly care,family support for women and children,and so on is increasing.The academic community has conducted extensive research on the practical value and the role of social workers in the rural public service provision,but further analysis of the micro mechanism of how social workers use their professional expertise to improve the level of the rural public service provision still requires to be completed.From the perspective of collective action theory combined with the transaction cost and social capital theories,the paper conducts a case study of Zhaozhuangzi village in Bejing city and finds that under the grassroots party organization's leadership,social workers take advantage of their professional expertise to jointly provide public services with village cadres and villagers.They reduce the transaction cost of village collective action through relationship integration,improve the social benefits of village collective action through skill supplementation,enhance the value recognition of village collective action through updating service concept,and finally promote the level of public service provision in the village.This conclusion provides the enlightenment for social workers participating in the level of rural public service provision with Chinese characteristics.In other words,through the development of"Party-Society Integration",social workers inject professional service resources,activate village collective action,improve the level of public service provision in the village,and finally promote rural social construction and rural revitalization.