共享停车随机冲突建模与控制研究

Shared Parking Random Conflict Modeling and Control

针对城市共享停车中业主与外来车辆停车的泊位冲突管理问题,刻画了随机环境下业主返回车数和外来车辆离场数均为泊松分布时,其冲突的联合分布泊松差形式,构建了机会约束下的共享停车冲突管理模型.模型旨在通过合理设置保留泊位数和共享停车结束时间,在控制停车冲突的基础上,确保共享停车企业获得最大收益,设计了遗传人工鱼群算法对优化模型进行求解.最后,采用数值算例探讨了业主入场速率、外来车辆出场速率、冲突控制阈值和共享停车泊位总数等参数对保留泊位数、共享停车结束时间,以及共享停车企业收益与成本的影响.

One of the main reasons for the urban parking problem in big cities is that the parking demand is large while the parking spaces are limited.Researchers believe that Shared Parking(SP)may help improve the utilization rate of parking Spaces and solve the problem of urban parking.The parking conflict between parking lot owners and public drivers was ignored in classical SP researches.To study the problem of conflict management between owners and public drivers in a SP lot,the Poisson difference distribution was used to illustrate the SP conflict,when both the number of vehicles returned in and moving out the SP lot are Poisson distribution.Based on the Poisson difference distribution of SP conflicts,a chance-constrained programming model for SP confict management is constructed.The proposed model helps SP enterprises to maximize their benefits and optimizing the number of the reserved parking slots and the end time of shared parking.A Genetic artificial fish swarm algorithm is introduced to solve the optimization model.Finally,numerical examples are used to explore the infuence of some important parameters(such as the owner's return rate,the exit rate of public drivers,the threshold of conflict and the total number of SP slots)on some essential issues of SP lot operation and management(such as the number of the reserved parking slots and the end time of shared parking),as well as the revenue and cost of SP enterprises.