枢纽互通立交图形化指路标志视认复杂度研究

Research on the visual complexity of the graphical guiding signs of the hub interchange

为研究高速公路枢纽互通立交图形化指路标志复杂度,选取常见的17种高速公路枢纽互通立交图形标志开展视认实验,从整体与细节、主观与客观两个维度进行评价,以整体视认时间平均值,细节视认的初、总反应时间平均值为评估指标,提出基于K-Means算法的枢纽互通立交图形化指路标志视认复杂度分类方法。结果表明:17种图形指路标志在整体与细节认知方面既存在一致性,又具有个体差异性;枢纽互通立交图形化指路标志视认复杂度分为3类,聚类中心分别为(0.86,1.94,1.12)、(0.98,3.22,1.46)和(1.21,4.30,1.83),与实验人员主观调查评分分布一致;枢纽互通立交图形化指路标志复杂度与图形内容、匝道形式、信息承载量密切相关。

In order to study the complexity of graphical direction signs for interchanges at highway hubs,the visual recognition experiment is carried out on 17 types of graphic signs of expressway hub interchange,which are evaluated from of the whole and detail,subjective and objective dimensions.Taking the average of overall cognitive time,the average of initial response time of detail cognition and the average of total response time of detail cognition as evaluation indicators,a classification method of visual recognition complexity of graphic guide signs of hub interchange based on K-Means algorithm is proposed.The results show that the 17 types of graphical guide signs have both consistency and individual difference in terms of overall and detailed cognition.It is reasonable to divide the visual recognition complexity of graphic guide signs for interchange hubs into three categories.The cluster centers are(0.86,1.94,1.12),(0.98,3.22,1.46)and(1.21,4.30,1.83),which are consistent with the subjective survey scores of the testees.The complexity of graphic guide signs for hub interchange is closely related to graphic content and ramp form and information carrying capacity.