论政治制度及公共政策的合法性

On the Legitimacy of Political Systems and Public Policies

不同国度的政治制度不尽相同,但都存在着合法与否的问题。政治制度是一切政治活动的规范,制定和更新必须体现人民的意志,也必须体现政治的本性及其实践要求。合法的政治制度要贯彻和捍卫人民至上原则,为人民运用法律进行统治提供制度保障,为道德导向机制的建立和发挥作用作出制度安排,建立防治权力滥用、确保政治清正廉洁的权力控制体系,促进社会全面进步和增进全体人民幸福,追求使社会个体得其所应得的社会公正。政治制度的运用也存在合法性问题,其关键是如何处理政府机关的自由裁量权问题。公共政策是政府运用政治制度治理社会的主要手段,像政治制度运用一样存在着合法性问题。合法的公共政策能够将合法制度转化为治理效能并能释放合法制度红利。

Political systems vary among different countries,but the question of their legitimacy is universal.A political system serves as the norm for all political activities,and its formulation and updates must reflect the will of the people as well as the nature of politics and its practical requirements.A legitimate political system should uphold the principle of putting the people first,provide institutional guarantees for the people to rule the country according to law,make arrangements for the establishment and functioning of moral guidance mechanisms,establish a system to prevent the abuse of power,ensure political integrity,and promote comprehensive social progress and the well-being of all citizens.It should aim to achieve social justice by ensuring that individuals in society receive what they deserve.The application of political systems also involves legitimacy issues,with a key aspect being how discretionary powers of government agencies are handled.Pubilic policy is the main means by which the government uses political systems to govern sociaty,and there are legitimacy issues,just like the use of political systems.Legitimate pubilic policies can transform legitimate systems into governance effectiveness and release the dividends of legitimate systems.