核电安全与风险的媒介建构——基于《人民日报》和《光明日报》核电报道的话语分析

Media Construction of Nuclear Power Safety and Risks:A Discourse Analysis Based on Nuclear Power Reports in People's Daily and Guangming Daily

基于中央级报纸《人民日报》和《光明日报》对核电议题的报道,结合卡瓦略的媒介话语分析框架、甘姆森的“诠释包裹”分析框架以及吉的“七项构建任务”,对中央政府的话语进行分析。研究发现,这两家报纸对核电安全与风险的建构是:中国核电技术是先进的,核电是我国经济社会发展所必需的;核电是安全的,其风险是可控的,国家能够在确保安全的前提下大力发展核电。媒体报道还努力构建了在核电发展中有责任和担当的政府形象,构建了政府与企业、专家和公众之间利益一致的同盟关系。最后分析了公众参与的缺失和官方与公众两个“舆论场”之间的冲突问题,建议运用跨平台传播和多媒体工具,以增强与公众的互动。

Based on the reports on nuclear power issues in the central-level newspapers People's Daily and Guangming Daily,the discourse of the central government was analyzed in this paper by combining Carvalho's media discourse analysis framework,Gamson's “interpretation package” analysis framework,and Gee's “seven building tasks”.The study found that the safety and risks of nuclear power are constructed to such an image that China's nuclear power technology is advanced,and nuclear power is necessary for its economic and social development;nuclear power is safe,its risks are controllable,and China can vigorously develop nuclear power under the premise of ensuring safety.Media reports have also worked hard to construct an image of the government that is responsible in the development of nuclear power,and to construct an alliance between the government and enterprises,experts and the public,the three of which have the same interests.Finally,lack of public participation and conflicts between the two “public opinion fields” of the government and the public were also analyzed in this paper,and use of cross platform communication and multimedia tools was recommended to enhance the interaction with the public.