数字经济背景下企业数据财产权法律保护路径

Legal Protection of Enterprise Data Property Rights under the Background of Digital Economy

数字经济时代,企业数据成为影响我国经济发展的重要因素,然而企业数据保护法律制度体系尚未建立,影响企业利用数据创造价值的积极性。从企业数据的财产属性以及其所具有的民事权利客体特征来看,可在财产权范畴内为其创设权利。与此同时,鉴于物权、知识产权、债权理论体系难以包容数据客体的特殊性,也很难对所有类型的企业数据施以全方位的保护,以新型财产权定位企业数据权利更为允当。进一步,结合企业数据特性和我国数据法律现状,在构建原则指导下,完善了我国企业数据财产权法律保护路径,具体涵盖立法、设立有限排他性企业数据财产权制度以及侵权救济全流程保护。

In the era of digital economy,enterprise data has become an important factor affecting economic development in our country.However,the analysis of the current legislation and judicial practice found that the legal system of enterprise data protection has not yet been established,which affects the enthusiasm of enterprises to use data to create value.From the property attributes and the object characteristics of civil rights of enterprise data,the right can be created in the scope of property rights.At the same time,in view of the fact that the theoretical system of real right,intellectual property and creditor's rights is difficult to accommodate the particularity of data objects,and it is difficult to provide comprehensive protection for all types of enterprise data,it is more appropriate to locate enterprise data rights with new property rights.Further,combined with the characteristics of enterprise data and the current situation of Chinese data law,under the guidance of the construction principle,the legal protection path of Chinese enterprise data property rights is improved,including legislation,the establishment of limited exclusive enterprise data property rights system and the protection of the whole process of infringement relief.