贵州淫羊藿属资源现状及品质影响因素研究进展

Research Progress of Epimedium Resource Status and Quality Influencing Factors in Guizhou

淫羊藿属多种植物是我国著名的传统中药材,贵州是淫羊藿属植物小花类群发生和演化的重要区域和分布中心,尤以黔东北地区保存的原始种类最多。随着市场对淫羊藿提取物的需求量急剧增加,淫羊藿属野生资源遭受大面积破坏,资源呈现濒危趋势,人工栽培成为保障市场需求的重要途径。为此,本文整理了贵州现存的20种淫羊藿属植物的资源分布情况,分析了淫羊藿属植物的主要活性成分(黄酮类、生物碱、多糖),重点论述了光照、温度、土壤及采收时间等因子对淫羊藿属植物品质含量的影响,综合当前人工栽培淫羊藿属植物的繁殖方式、种植密度和管护等栽培技术,分析相关研究存在的问题及瓶颈,以期为贵州淫羊藿属植物资源保护、开发利用及栽培示范提供参考依据。

Epimedium was a famous traditional Chinese medicinal material in China.Guizhou province was an important region and distribution center for the occurrence and evolution of florets of Epimedium,especially the northeast of Guizhou where the most original species were preserved.With the rapid expansion of the market demand for Epimedium extract,the wild resources of Epimedium had suffered extensive destruction,and the resources were endangered.Artificial cultivation had become an important way to ensure the market demand.To this end,this paper summarized the resource distribution of 20 species of Epimedium in Guizhou,analyzed the main active components(flavonoids,alkaloids,polysaccharides)of Epimedium,and focused on the effects of light,temperature,soil and harvesting time on the quality and content of Epimedium.Based on the current breeding methods,planting density and management techniques of Epimedium in artificial cultivation,the problems and bottlenecks in related research were analyzed,in order to provide reference for the conservation,development and utilization of Epimedium resources in Guizhou province.