0号车用柴油低温析蜡对凝点、冷滤点的影响

The effect of low temperature wax precipitation on the solidification point and cold filtration point of No.0 vehicle diesel fuel

油品的低温流动性是指油品在低温下使用时,维持正常流动、顺利输送的能力,评定车用柴油低温流动性的重要指标是凝点和冷滤点。冷滤点与车用柴油的低温使用性能直接相关,而凝点主要是与车用柴油的储存、运输有关。如果柴油中含蜡量高,在低温环境下,柴油更容易凝结成固体蜡块,导致油品失去流动性,引发过滤器堵塞和发动机启动困难,其次低温环境也会因柴油析蜡限制柴油运输和储存。为了降低柴油的凝点和冷滤点,一般在柴油中加入特定降凝剂,增强其低温流动性,减少结蜡现象。为了提质增效,减少降凝剂使用,有没有一种可能通过低温析蜡工艺把柴油中蜡结晶去除,从而降低柴油凝点和冷滤点。以加工长庆原油生产的柴油组分为实验对象,研究低温析蜡前后其凝点和冷滤点变化。

The low-temperature flowability of an oil product refers to its ability to maintain normal flow and smooth transportation when used at low temperatures.The important indicators for evaluating the low-temperature flowability of automotive diesel are the solidification point and cold filtration point.The cold filtration point is directly related to the low-temperature performance of automotive diesel,while the solidification point is mainly related to the storage and transportation of automotive diesel.If the wax content in diesel is high,it is easier for diesel to condense into solid wax blocks in low-temperature environments,causing the oil to lose fluidity,causing filter blockage and engine start-up difficulties.Additionally,low-temperature environments may also limit diesel transportation and storage due to diesel wax precipitation.In order to reduce the solidification point and cold filtration point of diesel,specific pour point depressants are generally added to diesel to enhance its low-temperature fluidity and reduce wax formation.In order to improve quality and efficiency,and reduce the use of pour point depressants,is it possible to remove wax crystals from diesel fuel through low-temperature wax precipitation process,thereby reducing the solidification point and cold filtration point of diesel fuel.We take the diesel components produced by processing Changqing crude oil as the experimental object to study the changes in their solidification point and cold filtration point before and after low-temperature wax precipitation.