水凝胶微针在经皮给药系统中的研究进展

Research Progress of Hydrogel Microneedles in Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

微针是一种微凸起阵列组成的微创装置,穿过皮肤角质层形成暂时性微通道,可实现对药物的经皮递送。对微针在经皮给药应用中的优缺点进行了简单阐述,重点介绍了水凝胶微针。综述了水凝胶微针的形成机制、基质材料及制备方法,并对水凝胶微针在疾病诊断和治疗方面的应用进行了介绍,指出了水凝胶微针在生物安全性、制定载药量标准等方面存在的问题,对未来的研究方向进行了展望。智能化、便携化是未来的微针发展趋势,若可以实现根据患者需求在给药时间、给药部位、给药剂量等方面的精准调控,水凝胶微针将在疾病诊断与治疗方面发挥更大的潜力。

Microneedle is a minimally invasive device consisting of a micro-raised array that passes through the stratum corneum of the skin to form temporary microchannels for transdermal delivery of drugs.The advantages and disadvantages of microneedles in the application of transdermal drug delivery are briefly described,with emphasis on hydrogel microneedles.The formation mechanism,substrate materials and preparation methods of hydrogel microneedles are reviewed.The applications of hydrogel microneedles in disease diagnosis and treatment are introduced.The existing problems in biosafety and formulation of drug loading standard are pointed out and the future research direction is prospected.Intelligence and portability are the future development trend of microneedles.If precise control of administration time,administration site and dosage can be achieved according to the needs of patients,hydrogel microneedles will show greater potential in disease diagnosis and treatment.