高温高湿环境下运动员身体机能变化的研究进展

Research Progress on the Change of Athletes'Physical Functions in the Hot and Humid Environment

高温天气是运动训练、比赛中的一种特殊环境,可使运动员的体能消耗加剧、运动表现变差。高温通常伴随着较高湿度,湿度升高会进一步阻碍热量散失。近年来对高温环境下身体机能变化的研究主要集中在热应激和热适应中能量代谢及体温调节上。该文就高温环境对运动表现及身体机能生理生化影响方面进行综述,旨在为运动员在高温环境下训练和比赛对运动能力发挥提供理论指导与措施。

Hot weather is a special environment in sports training and competitions,which can aggravate athletes'physical consumption and deteriorate their sports performance.High temperatures are often accompanied by high humidity,which further hinders heat loss.In recent years,research on the changes of athletes'physical functions in the hot environment has mainly focused on energy metabolism and body temperature regulation during heat stress and heat acclimation.This paper reviews the physiological and biochemical influence of the hot environment on athletes'sports performance and physical functions,aiming to provide theoretical guidance and measures for athletes to exert their sports abilities during training and competitions in the hot environment.