非农职业经历、土地流转对家庭农场主农业生产生态自觉性的影响效应

Effect Analysis of Non-farming Occupational Experience and Land Transfer for Ecological Consciousness of Agricultural Production Among Family Farmers

基于陕西省564户种植业家庭农场微观调研数据,在考虑样本选择偏差和家庭农场异质性基础上,采用倾向匹配得分(PSM)模型探究非农职业经历对家庭农场主农业生产生态自觉性的净效应,并运用中介效应模型分析土地流转视角下非农职业经历影响家庭农场主农业生产生态自觉性的作用机理。研究发现:非农职业经历对家庭农场主农业生产生态自觉性具有显著正向影响,具有高中及以上学历、高龄农场主非农职业经历对农业生产生态自觉性的影响效应较为显著;非农职业经历通过扩大土地流转规模和延长土地流转期限提高家庭农场主农业生产生态自觉性,且土地流转规模的中介效应影响更大。因此,政府应完善具备非农职业经历群体返乡创业激励机制,加大对家庭农场等新型经营主体农业生态生产政策支持力度,并适度推进土地流转规模扩张及土地流转期限长期化,推动农业生产可持续发展。

Based on the micro-research data of 564 plantation family farms in Shaanxi Province,this paper uses the propensity matching score(PSM)model to explore the net effect of non-farming occupational experience on the ecological consciousness of agricultural production of family farmers based on the consideration of the sample selection bias and the heterogeneity of the family farms,and applies the mediation effect model to analyze the mechanism of the role of the non-farming occupational experience in affecting the ecological consciousness of agricultural production of the family farmers in the perspective of the land transfer.The study found that non-farming occupational experience has a significant positive effect on family farmers’ecological consciousness of agricultural production,and the effect of non-farming occupational experience on ecological consciousness of agricultural production is more significant for the elderly farmers and those with high school education or above.Non-farming occupational experience improves family farmers’ecological consciousness in agricultural production by expanding the scale and extending the duration of land transfer,and the mediating effect of the scale of land transfer is more influential.Therefore,the government should improve the incentive mechanism for groups with non-farming occupational experience to return to their hometowns,increase the policy support for family farms and other new business entities in agricultural ecological production,and moderately promote the expansion of land transfer scale and long-term land transfer period to promote the sustainable development of agricultural production.