宁夏5所医疗机构妊娠期孕妇体质量管理知信行现状及其影响因素

A Study on the Knowledge,Attitude,and Practice Status of Pregnant Women’s Weight Management and Influencing Factors of Five Hospitals in Ningxia

目的调查分析妊娠期孕妇体质量管理知信行现状及其影响因素,为制定有针对性的妊娠期体质量管理方案提供参考。方法采用自行设计的妊娠期孕妇体质量管理知信行问卷对宁夏地级市5所医疗机构的430名孕妇进行调查,回收有效问卷421份,分析不同特征妊娠期孕妇体质量管理知信行得分情况及其影响因素。结果宁夏5所医疗机构妊娠期孕妇体质量管理知识、态度、行为得分及知信行总分分别为(19.53±1.56)分、(32.69±5.49)分、(36.31±5.58)分、(88.60±14.15)分,其得分率依次为54.25%、74.30%、64.84%、65.15%。多因素回归分析显示,影响妊娠期孕妇体质量管理知信行水平的主要因素分别是孕妇的文化水平、家庭人均月收入、妊娠期饮食主要照顾者、是否计划妊娠、有无参加体质量与营养管理课程及医院性质(P均<0.05)。结论宁夏5所医疗机构妊娠期孕妇体质量管理知信行水平有待进一步提高。医护人员应针对孕妇的文化程度、家庭人均月收入、妊娠期饮食主要照顾者、计划妊娠、参加体质量与营养管理课程及医院性质进行个性化体质量管理指导,以提高孕妇知信行水平。

Objective To investigate and analyze the status quo of knowledge,practice and influencing factors of weight management of pregnant women during pregnancy,so as to provide reference for formulating targeted weight management programs during pregnancy.Methods A self-designed questionnaire on body quality management of pregnant women was used to investigate 430 pregnant women from 5 medical institutions in Ningxia,and 421 valid questionnaires were collected to analyze the scores of body quality management of pregnant women with different characteristics and their influencing factors.Results In the sample,the scores of knowledge,attitude,behavior and total scores of knowledge and practice of weight management of pregnant women in Ningxia were(19.53±1.56),(32.69±5.49),(36.31±5.58)and(88.60±14.15),respectively.Their scoring rates were 54.25%,74.30%,64.84%and 65.15%,respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the knowledge and practice level of pregnant women’s weight management were their educational level,monthly income per capita in the family,the main caregivers of diet during pregnancy,whether they planned pregnancy,whether they participated in body quality and nutrition management courses and the nature of the hospital(P all<0.05).Conclusion The knowledge and trust level of weight management of pregnant women in Ningxia region is not optimistic,and their knowledge and attitude and behavior need to be further improved.Medical staff should provide personalized guidance on body quality management according to pregnant women’s education level,monthly income per capita in the family,the main caregivers of diet during pregnancy,planning pregnancy,participating in body quality and nutrition management courses and the nature of the hospital,so as to improve their knowledge and practice level.