季节及气象因素对深圳地区突发性聋发病的影响分析

Analysis of the Influence of Seasonal and Meteorological Factors on the Incidence of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Shenzhen

目的 探讨季节及气象因素对深圳地区突发性聋(简称突聋)发病的影响,为其防治提供参考。方法 收集2017年3月~2021年2月间于中国科学院大学深圳医院就诊的突聋患者,分析其发病时当地的气温、湿度等气象资料,统计不同季节不同气象条件下突聋的发病情况,分析季节、气象因素与突聋发病的相关性。结果 共纳入病例579例,四季病例分布趋势为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季;不同的季节条件下,夏季突聋发病与气温(平均气温、最高气温、最低气温)呈一定正相关(r=0.153,r=0.144,r=0.15,均为P<0.05);突聋患者听力损失频率分布与平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、相对湿度均具有一定正相关性(均为P<0.05)。结论 夏季为深圳地区罹患突聋的高峰季节,季节、气温、相对湿度对突聋的发病及听力损失频率分布有一定影响。

Objective To investigate the impact of seasonal and meteorological factors on the incidence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) in Shenzhen area and provide a reference for the prevention of the disease.Methods The data of patients with SSNHL who visited our hospital between March 2017 ~ February 2021 were collected.The local temperature and humidity data at the time of onset were analyzed.The incidence of SSNHL under different seasons and meteorological conditions were counted to explore the correlation among seasons,meteorological conditions and the incidence of SSNHL.Results A total of 579 cases were included.The distribution trend of cases in the four seasons was summer>autumn>spring>winter,and the time distribution trend was that the number of sick cases increases year by year.Under different onset season,the incidence of SSNHL in summer was positively correlated with temperature(mean temperature,maximum temperature and minimum temperature)(r=0.153,r=0.144,r=0.15,P<0.05).The mean temperature,maximum temperature,minimum temperature and relative humidity were positively correlated with the frequency distribution of hearing loss in patients with SSNHL(P<0.05).Conclusion Summer is the peak season for patients with SSNHL in Shenzhen,and the season,temperature,relative humidity have an impact on the incidence of SSNHL and the frequency distribution of hearing loss.