基于一磷酸腺苷的RAFT接枝棉织物的结构和阻燃性能

Structure and flame retardant properties of RAFT-grafted cotton fabrics based on adenosine monophosphate

采用可逆加成断裂链转移自由基聚合(RAFT)方法,基于纤维基二硫代酸酯类RAFT链转移剂(Cell-CTA),以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,以改性一磷酸腺苷(AAMP)为阻燃单体,在纯棉织物上进行RAFT接枝聚合改性,制备了接枝阻燃棉织物(Cell-g-PAAMP)。采用红外光谱、扫描电镜、拉曼光谱等方法对Cell-g-PAAMP的化学结构、表面形貌及其燃烧后残炭的形态和石墨化程度进行了表征。采用热重分析仪、数显氧指数测定仪、织物强力仪、透气性能测试仪对Cell-g-PAAMP的阻燃性能和物理机械性能进行了分析。Cell-g-PAAMP红外光谱中,1199 cm^(-1)处新出现P=O双键的伸缩振动峰,说明已成功制备Cell-g-PAAMP。扫描电镜和拉曼光谱结果表明,Cell-g-PAAMP表面粗糙,有颗粒状物质附着于表面,燃烧后残炭形态保持基本完整且结构致密,石墨化程度提高。与纯棉织物对比,Cell-g-PAAMP初始分解温度降低,热稳定性提高,极限氧指数提高,获得了良好的阻燃效果。Cell-g-PAAMP透气性和断裂强力下降,但断裂伸长率却大幅增加。

Grafted flame retardant cotton fabrics(Cell-g-PAAMP)were prepared by graft polymerization onto pristine cotton fabrics via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer free radical polymerization(RAFT)method based on cellulose-based dithioester RAFT chain transfer agent(Cell-CTA),initiator of azodiisobutyronitrile and flame retardant monomer of modified adenosine monophosphate(AAMP).Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize chemical structure,surface morphology of Cell-g-PAAMP,morphology and graphitization degree of carbon residue of Cell-g-PAAMP after burning.The flame retardant properties and physical mechanical properties of Cell-g-PAAMP were analyzed by thermal gravimetric analyzer,limit oxygen index instrument,fabric strength tester and air permeability tester.The appearance of stretching vibration peak of P=O at 1199 cm^(-1) verified the preparation of Cell-g-PAAMP.The results of scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy showed a coarse surface of Cell-g-PAAMP with attached granular substance,enhanced graphitization degree,complete form and dense structure of carbon residue of Cell-g-PAAMP after burning.Compared with pure cotton fabric,Cell-g-PAAMP has a lower initial decomposition temperature,improved thermal stability and increased ultimate oxygen index,with good flame retardant effect.The permeability and breaking strength of Cell-g-PAAMP decreased,but the elongation at break increased significantly.