内蒙古某焦化厂土壤污染状况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Soil Pollution in a Coking Plant in Inner Mongolia

以某焦化厂地块为调查对象,通过资料搜集、污染识别及采样检测分析,查明了地块地质与水文地质条件,建立了地块污染初步概念模型,识别了潜在污染物种类及污染源分布特征,布设土壤采样点位127个,采集418件土壤样品送检,进行了污染综合分析。结果表明:地块共有乙苯、苯、萘、苯并[a]芘、二苯并[a,h]蒽、苯并[a]蒽、苯并[b]荧蒽、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘、苯并[k]荧蒽、石油烃(C10-C40)等10项指标存在超标;超标指标主要分布在备煤炼焦工段区、硫铵工段区、煤焦油氨水储罐及冷鼓电捕工段区三个区域;地块浅层无地下水,污染物进入地块土壤,横向扩散迁移速度较慢,垂向上污染物可能会随着大气降水逐步向下层土壤迁移扩散,场地土壤存在环境风险。分析结果为下一步风险评估及污染管控提供依据支撑。

Taking a coking plant plot as the survey object,through data collection,pollution identification,and sampling detection analysis,the geological and hydrogeological conditions of the plot were identified.A preliminary conceptual model of plot pollution was established,potential pollutant types and distribution characteristics of pollution sources were identified.127 soil sampling points were set up,and 418 soil samples were collected for comprehensive pollution analysis.The results showed that there were 10 indicators in the plot that exceeded the standard,including ethylbenzene,benzene,naphthalene,benzo[a]pyrene,dibenzo[a,h]anthracene,benzo[a]anthracene,benzo[b]fluoranthene,indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene,benzo[k]fluoranthene,and petroleum hydrocarbons(C10-C40).The exceeding indicators are mainly distributed in three areas:coal preparation and coking section,ammonium sulfate section,coal tar ammonia water storage tank,and cold drum electric capture section.There is no groundwater in the shallow layer of the plot,and pollutants enter the soil of the plot.The lateral diffusion and migration speed is slow,and pollutants in the vertical direction may gradually migrate and diffuse to the lower soil layer with atmospheric precipitation,posing environmental risks to the site soil,providing basis support for the next step of risk assessment and pollution control.