百望山森林公园典型林地森林水源涵养功能研究

Study on the forest water conservation function of typical forest landscapes in Baiwang Mountain Forest Park

森林作为陆地生态系统的主体,是生物圈生态系统中分布最广、类型最丰富、结构最复杂的生态系统,对改善生态环境、维护生态平衡和促进经济社会可持续协调发展起着决定性的作用。本文以百望山的4种典型林地(侧柏林、油松林、元宝枫林和黄栌林)为研究对象,开展了不同类型林地的水源涵养功能分析。结果表明,各林地土壤的蓄水能力为1130.5~1454.50t/hm^(2),其中,油松林地土壤蓄水能力最大,侧柏林最小;从各径流小区产流次数及产流量来看,黄栌林地产流最少,泥沙含量最低;从营养元素浓度来看,油松林和侧柏林普遍高于黄栌林和元宝枫林;各径流小区径流中几乎未检测出Ni、Cd和Pb等常见重金属污染物。

Forests,as the primary components of terrestrial ecosystems,represent the most widely distributed,diverse,and structurally complex ecosystems within the biosphere.They play a decisive role in improving the ecological environment,maintaining ecological balance,and promoting sustainable economic and social development.This paper focuses on four typical forest landscapes in Baiwang Mountain(Chinese fir forest,pine forest,Acer truncatum forest,and Chinese sweetgum forest)and conducts an analysis of their water conservation functions.The results indicate that the water storage capacity of the soils in these forests ranges from 1130.5 to 1454.50 tons per hectare,with pine forests having the highest soil water storage capacity and Chinese fir forests the lowest.When examining the frequency and volume of runoff in each drainage area,Chinese sweetgum forests exhibit the least runoff and the lowest sediment content.In terms of nutrient element concentrations,pine and Chinese fir forests generally have higher levels compared to Chinese sweetgum and Acer truncatum forests.Furthermore,no significant levels of common heavy metal pollutants such as Ni,Cd,and Pb were detected in the runoff from these drainage areas.