负责任军事工程师的道德认知与调适

Moral Cognition and Adjustment of Responsible Military Engineers

工程师在社会中扮演着多重角色,不同的角色担负着不同的责任,因此工程师经常面临着角色的道德冲突与行为选择的道德困境。由于军事工程实践活动的特殊性,军事工程师具有对抗性强、保密性高、忠诚性专的职业特征,在军事工程实践活动中面临的角色冲突与道德困境问题更为敏感,主要表现为:国家与人类的对象困境、安全与制胜的目标困境、保密与民主的路径困境。负责任军事工程师在调适面临的道德冲突与道德困境时应该遵循自卫、和平、区分、相称这四条基本原则,同时从伦理认知、社会监督、法律规制三个方面完善相关规制。

Engineers play multiple roles in society,with different roles bearing different responsibilities.Therefore,engineers often face moral conflicts and dilemmas in behavior choices.Due to the particularity of military engineering practice activities,military engineers have the professional characteristics of strong combativeness,high confidentiality,and loyalty.The role conflicts and moral dilemmas they face in military engineering practice activities are more sensitive:the object dilemma between country and humanity;the goal dilemma between security and victory,and the path dilemma between confidentiality and democracy.Responsible military engineers should adhere to the four basic principles of self-defense,peace,distinction,and proportionality when adjusting to moral conflicts and dilemmas.At the same time,relevant regulations should be improved from three aspects:ethical cognition,social supervision,and legal regulation.