植被覆盖度对生态脆弱性动态演变的影响——以河北省张家口为例

The Influence of Vegetation Coverage on the Dynamic Evolution of Ecological Vulnerability:A Case Study of Zhangjiakou,Hebei Province

[目的]研究区域植被覆盖度变化对生态脆弱性时空格局演变的影响可为地区生态保护、资源合理开发利用、土地格局优化和可持续发展提供科学依据和有益借鉴。[方法]以张家口地区为例,首先采用序关系法、CRITIC法和博弈论组合赋权法等方法探究张家口地区生态脆弱性时空演变特征,然后在此基础上探求了植被覆盖度变化对生态脆弱性动态演变的影响。[结果]2010—2019年,张家口地区生态脆弱性先升后降,脆弱性较高地区集中在北部坝上和中西部地区,脆弱性较低地区分布在东部和南部地区,且空间集聚效应明显。9年间植被覆盖度由低向高转变,植被改善区面积增加了7807.77 km^(2),恶化区面积减少了3433.14 km^(2)。植被恶化区主要分布在张家口中部城区和东部区域,其余大部分地区均为植被改善区。植被改善区、恶化区与生态脆弱性升高、降低区域的变化趋势和空间分布格局基本一致。[结论]张家口地区植被覆盖度与生态脆弱性关系密切,二者之间呈现负相关关系,区域植被覆盖度的增加能够降低其生态脆弱性。

[Objective]To study the influence of regional vegetation coverage changes on the spatial and temporal evolution of ecological vulnerability can provide scientific basis and useful reference for regional ecological protection,rational development and utilization of resources,optimization of land pattern and sustainable development.[Methods]Zhangjiakou region was taken as an example.The spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of ecological vulnerability in Zhangjiakou region were firstly explored by using the sequential relationship method,CRITIC method and game theory combination weighting method,and then the influence of vegetation coverage changes on the dynamic evolution of ecological vulnerability was explored on this basis.[Results]From 2010 to 2019,the ecological vulnerability of Zhangjiakou region rose and then fell,with higher vulnerability areas concentrating in the northern dam and the central and western regions,and lower vulnerability areas distributing in the eastern and southern regions,and the spatial clustering effect was obvious.The vegetation coverage changes from low to high level during the 9 years,the area of vegetation improvement zone increases by 7807.77 km^(2)and the area of deterioration zone decreases by 3433.14 km^(2).The deterioration zone was mainly located in the central urban area and the eastern area of Zhangjiakou,while most of the remaining areas were vegetation improvement zones.The changing trends and spatial distribution patterns of vegetation improvement areas,deterioration areas and ecological vulnerability increase and decrease areas were basically consistent.[Conclusion]The vegetation coveragre of Zhangjiakou area is closely related to ecological vulnerability,and a negative correlation is shown between them.The increase of vegetation coveragre can maintain water and soil,increase biodiversity,and improve the anti-disturbance ability of the ecosystem,thus reducing the ecological vulnerability of Zhangjiakou area.