基于DPSIRM模型的长江中游城市群生态安全时空特征及障碍因素

Temporal-Spatial Evaluation of Regional Ecological Security and Obstacle Diagnosis of the Urban Agglomerations in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Based on DPSIRM Model

[目的]客观识别长江中游城市群生态安全时空演化特征并诊断其影响因素,为构建区域生态安全格局提供参考。[方法]以长江中游城市群31个市级行政单元为研究对象,基于DPSIRM模型构建生态安全评价指标体系,运用探索性空间方法剖析了研究区2006—2020年生态安全时空演化特征,采用障碍度模型识别其生态安全主要障碍因素,并提出了对应提升路径。[结果](1)在2006—2020年长江中游城市群各地市生态安全水平总体不断提升,生态安全等级存在空间差异,但总体差距不大;(2)长江中游城市群生态安全障碍度排序结果为管理因素>影响因素>压力因素>响应因素>驱动力因素>状态因素。其生态安全水平受固定资产投资额比重、人均水资源量、地方财政一般预算内教育支出、绿地与广场用地面积、水土流失治理面积和人均GDP共同制约;(3)长江中游城市群生态安全水平存在空间自相关性,江西省中部形成高值集聚区,而在湖北省中部形成低值集聚区;(4)长江中游城市群各地市多处于临界安全等级(Ⅲ),距离整体达到安全等级(Ⅴ)状态仍有较大差距。[结论]长江中游城市群生态安全水平呈整体向好态势,需要多关注经济对策响应、生态资源利用以及生态制度建设管理方面,助力构建长江中游城市群生态安全屏障。

[Objective]The aims of this study are to objectively identify the spatial and temporal evolutionary characteristics of ecological security in the middle reaches of Yangtze River urban agglomeration,to evaluate its ecological security level and diagnose its influencing factors,and to provide a reference for the construction of the regional ecological security pattern.[Methods]The 31 municipal administrative units in the middle reaches of Yangtze River urban agglomeration were used as research samples,and an ecological security evaluation index system was constructed based on the DPSIRM model.The spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of ecological safety in the study area were evaluated using exploratory spatial data analysis,and the factors impeding ecological safety were analyzed in conjunction with the barrier degree model.Finally,based on the evaluation and diagnosis results,the optimization path was proposed.[Results](1)The ecological safety level of cities in the study area had generally been improving from 2006 to 2020,and the ecological safety level varied spatially,but the overall difference was not large.(2)The results of the ranking of the ecological safety barrier degree of the study area were management factors>influence factors>pressure factors>response factors>driving factors>state factors.The improvement of its ecological safety level was mainly governed by six specific indicators,namely,the proportion of investment in fixed assets,the amount of water resources per capita,education expenditure within the general budget of local finance,the area of green areas and squares,the area of soil erosion control,and GDP per capita.(3)There was a certain positive spatial autocorrelation in the ecological safety level of the study area,with the formation of a high-value agglomeration area in central Jiangxi Province and a low-value agglomeration area in central Hubei Province.(4)It suggested that the most cities in the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River were at the critical safety level(Ⅲ),and there was still a large gap from reaching the overall safety level(Ⅴ).[Conclusion]The ecological security level of the city cluster in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River showed an overall positive trend,and more attention should be paid to the response of economic countermeasures,the utilization of ecological resources as well as the construction and management of ecological systems,so as to help build an ecological security barrier for the city cluster in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.