拜登任内美欧同盟协调的演进及其对华影响

Evolution of the US-EU Alliance Coordination Under the Biden Administration and Its Implications for China

拜登任内的美欧同盟关系得到一定程度修复,双方在政策协调上取得部分成果,呈现一系列新特征。一方面,拜登政府采取应对乌克兰危机和实施大国竞争的“双线并举”政策,希望将欧洲纳入制衡中俄的战略轨道。另一方面,乌克兰危机升级后,欧洲在各领域遭受严重冲击,对美国依赖加深,美国也将部分精力和资源转向欧洲,欧洲对美国的政策影响力亦有所上升。美欧协调的状态和效果受到同盟管理方式、实力对比变化以及同盟内部因素的塑造。美欧试图将地区危机渲染为与中俄的阵营式对抗,美欧同盟协调也将对中国产生深刻影响,导致中国在经贸、安全和意识形态等领域面临更大挑战。同时,美欧对俄和对华问题的战略考量不同,其涉华政策协调依然有其局限性。面对美欧同盟协调演进的新动向,中国应保持警惕并积极运筹中美欧关系,构建和塑造对自身发展有利的外部环境。

During the Biden administration,there has been some degree of repair in the US-EU alliance relationship,with both sides achieving some policy coordination and displaying several new characteristics.On one hand,the Biden administration has adopted a dual-track policy to address the Ukraine crisis and engage in great power competition,with the aim of incorporating Europe into the strategic balance against China and Russia.On the other hand,after the escalation of the Ukraine crisis,EU has been significantly affected across various domains,deepening its reliance on the US.In response,the US has redirected some of its attention and resources towards Europe,increasing Europe's policy influence on the United States.The state and effectiveness of US-EU coordination are shaped by alliance management methods,changes in power dynamics,and internal alliance factors.The US and EU are attempting to frame regional crises as confrontations with China and Russia,which will have profound implications for China,leading to greater challenges in economic,trade,security,and ideological domains.However,strategic considerations on Russia and China differ between the US and EU,and their policy coordination on China still has limitations.Given the evolving dynamics of US-EU alliance coordination,China should remain vigilant and actively strategize its relations with the United States and EU to shape an external environment favorable to its own development.