主体领域与学科传统:对社会学研究议题的思考

Main Areas and Academic Tradition:Reflection on Sociological Research Issues

对主体领域开展研究是经典时代的社会学主旨,涂尔干、韦伯等理论家都对现代社会的总体格局有过深入的论述。在当前,因为现代性的演进,主体领域的影响力进一步拓展到社会的各个方面。这其中,政府、企业、金融、法律四个方面的影响力最为显著,也是社会科学应该关注的主体领域。主体领域的研究能力决定着社会学的理论想象力和经验解释力。同时,主体领域的研究是一个学科竞争的场域,无论是量化分析还是质性分析,都需要通过主体领域的研究提升方法能力。社会学具有底层关怀,但学术研究不应囿于底层路线,对社会事实的总体理解是一种学科价值的传承。

The study of main areas is the sociological theme of the classical era,and theorists such as Durkheim and Weber had in-depth discussions on the overall pattern of modern society.At present,due to the evolution of modernity,the influence of main areas has further expanded to various aspects of society.Among them,the influence of government,enterprises,finance,and law is the most significant,and it is also the main area that social sciences should pay attention to.The research ability in the main areas determines the theoretical imagination and empirical explanatory ability of sociology.Meanwhile,research in main areas is a field of academic competition,and both quantitative and qualitative analysis require enhancing methodological capabilities through research in main areas.Sociology has care of underclass,but academic research should not be limited to the bottom level scope.The overall understanding of social facts is an inheritance of academic value.