microRNA在特应性皮炎发病机制中的作用

The role of microRNA on the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis

特应性皮炎(AD)是一种常见的慢性炎症性皮肤病,以皮肤干燥、瘙痒、湿疹样改变为主要表现。microRNA是一类高度保守的非编码单链RNA分子,广泛存在于体内,参与转录后基因表达调控,影响细胞的生长、分化、凋亡和信号转导,以改变细胞功能、调节信号通路、控制炎症介质释放等方式参与AD的发生与发展。本文就microRNA对细胞增殖的影响、调节T细胞分化、参与细胞信号通路、调节皮肤免疫如抑制靶基因、促进Th2免疫反应、促进炎症因子分泌、活化血小板等参与AD的发病机制做一综述,并讨论其作为生物标志物和新治疗靶点的潜在价值。

Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by dry skin,itching and eczema-like changes.microRNA is a group of highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules regulating posttranscriptional gene expression,interfering with cell growth,differentiation,apoptosis,and signal transduction.microRNA participate in the genesis and development of atopic dermatitis by regulating cell functions,signal pathways,and the release of inflammatory mediators.In this article,we review the role of microRNA during the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis through their effects on keratinocyte proliferation,T cell differentiation,the cellular signaling pathways,and skin immunity,such as inhibition of target genes,promotion of Th2 immune response,regulation of inflammatory mediators,and activation of platelets,and discussed the potential value as the diagnostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for this disease.