数字经济赋能高质量发展过程中的“虹吸集聚”——来自黄河中下游城市层面的经验证据

Siphon Agglomeration of Digital Economy on the High-quality Development:Empirical Evidence from Cities in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River

现阶段数字经济蓬勃发展,已经成为推动黄河中下游地区高质量发展的关键驱动力,因此探讨二者之间的作用关系显得尤为重要。鉴于此,文章在理论探讨数字经济对黄河中下游城市高质量发展的作用路径及空间效应的基础上构建了高质量发展指标体系和数字经济发展指标体系,并利用2011—2019年黄河中下游38个地级及以上城市面板数据实证检验了数字经济对高质量发展的影响。结果表明:(1)数字经济对黄河中下游城市高质量发展的影响呈现出“先抑制后促增”的U型关系,且正向促进作用具有“边际效应”递增的非线性特征;(2)基础设施建设、技术创新能力均能够起到数字经济影响高质量发展的桥梁作用;(3)数字经济发展水平越高的地区数字经济对高质量发展的推动作用越强,表现出一定的“数字鸿沟”效应;(4)数字经济发展存在空间外溢效应,本地区数字经济的发展会吸引技术、资本等生产要素以更廉价的方式流向该区域,形成“虹吸集聚”,对邻近地区的高质量发展产生负向影响。

At present,the flourish development of digital economy has become a key driving force to promote the highquality development in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,so it is particularly important to explore the relationship between the two.In view of the above,based on the theoretical discussion of the path and spatial effect of the digital economy on the high-quality development in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,this paper constructs a high-quality development index system and a digital economy development index system,and uses the panel data of 38 municipal-level cities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River from 2011 to 2019 to empirically test the impact of the digital economy on high-quality development.The results show that:1) The impact of digital economy on the high-quality development in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River presents a U-shaped relationship of 'first inhibition and then promotion',and the positive promotion effect has the nonlinear characteristics of'marginal effect' increasing.2) Infrastructure construction and technological innovation capabilities can play a bridge role in the impact of digital economy on high-quality development.3) The higher the level of digital economy development,the stronger the role of digital economy in promoting the high-quality development,showing a certain 'digital divide'effect.4) There is a spatial spillover effect in the development of the digital economy.The development of the digital economy in the region will attract productive factors such as technology and capital to flow to the region in a cheaper way,forming a 'siphon agglomeration',which has a negative impact on the high-quality development of neighboring regions.