区域文化遗产与旅游发展耦合机制及协调效应——基于京津冀地区的实证分析

Coupling Mechanism and Coordination Effect Between Regional Cultural Heritage and Tourism Development:An Empirical Study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

文章基于县域尺度,构建区域文化遗产与旅游发展互动耦合协调评价指标体系,采用熵权TOPSIS、耦合协调模型等方法探究2010—2019年京津冀地区200个区县的文化遗产与旅游发展的耦合协调效应及时空演化特征,识别区域文化遗产旅游发展现状和瓶颈。结果表明:(1)京津冀地区各区县文化遗产资源禀赋和旅游发展的综合水平呈波动上升趋势,区县间存在显著的不均衡现象,文化遗产资源禀赋高评价指数区呈“集聚”扩散态势,旅游发展高评价指数区呈“孤岛”向“集聚”演化格局。(2)两系统的耦合发展呈现阶段性和波动性,耦合度经历了“拮抗—磨合—高水平”到“磨合—高水平”的转变;耦合协调度由“中低耦合协调为主”上升到“中高耦合协调为主”的等级分布,但尚未完全形成良好的协调。(3)两系统耦合协调发展呈现“高—高”和“低—低”的空间聚类格局,空间溢出效应明显。其中,2010—2015年呈现明显下降态势,耦合协调度空间集聚效应下降,高值区和低值区均减少,出现“大扩散、小集聚”的空间分异特征;2015—2019年呈现上升集聚态势,高值区和低值区均显著增加,主要表现为京津冀地区北部区县的“高—高”和太行山山前地带沿线区县的“低—低”聚类特征。

From the perspective of county level,this paper establishes an interactive coupled coordination evaluation index system between the regional cultural heritage and the tourism development,it uses the methods of the entropy weight TOPSIS and the coupling coordination model to explore the coupling coordination effect and spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of cultural heritage and tourism development in 200 districts and counties of Beijing-TianjinHebei from 2010 to 2019,and identify the current situation and bottlenecks of regional cultural heritage tourism development.The results show that:1) The comprehensive development levels of cultural heritage resources and the tourism development show a fluctuating upward trend in counties and districts of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,it has significant imbalance among counties and districts,the high evaluation index area of cultural heritage resource endowment shows a "clustering" diffusion trend,and the high evaluation index area of tourism development environment shows the evolution characteristic from "island" to "clustering".2) The coupling development of the two systems presents the stage and fluctuation characteristics,the coupling degree has gone through the transformation from "antagonismfriction-high level" to "friction-high level";the coupling coordination degree has risen from "medium-low coupling coordination" to "medium-high coupling coordination",but has not yet fully formed a good coordination.3) The coupling coordination development of the two systems presents a "high-high" and "low-low" spatial agglomeration pattern,with obvious spatial spillover effects.From 2010 to 2015,the spatial agglomeration effect of coupling coordination degree decreased,and both high-and low-value regions decreased,showing the spatial differentiation characteristics of "large diffusion and small agglomeration".From 2015 to 2019,there was an upward agglomeration trend,with significant increases in both high-and low-value areas,and mainly manifested as "high-high" in the northern region of BeijingTianjin-Hebei and "low-low" in the southern region along the piedmont of Taihang Mountain.