高阶收入风险、收入流动与不平等

Higher Order Income Risk,Income Mobility,and Inequality

本文论证了高阶收入风险的存在及其异质性,并研究了高阶收入风险对收入流动和不平等的影响。本文研究发现优化收入冲击结构、消除高阶收入风险能够提高收入流动性、降低低收入群体收入停滞的风险,并且能够降低消费不平等和财富不平等。因此,政府一是需要保就业、降低劳动力市场摩擦,防范劳动者受到失业等极端收入冲击的影响,二是需要进一步完善职业培训体系、职业晋升体系,降低劳动者在工作阶梯下滑的风险。

We demonstrate the existence and heterogeneity of higher-order income risk and study the impact of higher-order income risk on income mobility and inequality.We find that optimizing the income shock structure and eliminating high-order income risks can improve income mobility,decrease the risk of income stagnation for low-income groups significantly,and reduce consumption inequality and wealth inequality.Therefore,first,the government needs to protect employment,reduce the labor market friction,and prevent workers from being affected by extreme income shocks such as unemployment.Second,the government needs to further improve the vocational training system and vocational promotion system to mitigate the risk of sliding down the work ladder for the workers.