国家教育考试的法律规制

On the Legal Regulation of the National Education Examination

国家教育考试制度关涉人才选拔与入学机会的分配,对教育管理秩序的维护与公民平等受教育权的保障发挥重要作用。文章以203份与国家教育考试相关的裁判文书为研究案例,据此剖析有关国家教育考试的司法实践中存在的困境。实证分析结果表明,当前存在国家教育考试范围法律位阶较低、法制体系内部缺乏一致性、行政处罚救济制度不够完善等问题。为此,可从厘清国家教育考试管理范围,推进相关法律法规有机衔接,以及完善相应司法监督保障机制三方面加以改进。

The national education examination system is related to talent selection and the allocation of enrollment opportunities,playing an important role in maintaining the order of education management and ensuring citizens'equal right to education.The article takes 203 judicial documents related to national education exams as research cases to analyze the difficulties in judicial practice related to national education exams.The empirical analysis results indicate that there are currently problems such as low legal status of the national education examination scope,lack of consistency within the legal system,and inadequate administrative penalty relief system.To this end,improvements can be made from three aspects:clarifying the scope of national education examination management,promoting the organic connection of relevant laws and regulations,and improving the corresponding judicial supervision and guarantee mechanism.