具身认知视角下盲聋多重障碍儿童的教育——读《我怎样理解和想象周围世界》

Education of the Deaf-blindin the Perspective of Embodied Cognition——Reading HowIUnderstand and Imagine the World Around Me

奥·伊·斯柯罗霍道娃是俄国著名的盲聋学者,也是一名盲聋多重障碍者。她著有《我怎样理解和想想周围世界》一书,以自身的认知视角介绍盲聋多重障碍者是如何感知和理解周围世界。她注重基于心智、身体、环境的相互统一来获得世界的信息,特别强调身体与环境的交互作用,充分体现了具身认知在盲聋多重障碍教育中所发挥的巨大作用。最后,结合具身认知理论阐述该案例对未来开展盲聋多重障碍教育的启示,如利用残余视力、听力以及多重感官功能获得更多体验;借助信息技术优势开发更多资源;引导形成健康的情感心理状态;构建包容多元的社会文化环境等,希望能为盲聋多重障碍教育的发展提供借鉴。

O.I.Skorokhodova is a leading Russian deaf-blind scholar and person who have severe loss of both hearing and sight.She is the author of the book How I Understand and Imagine the World Around Me,which provides her own cognitive perspective on how people with deaf-blind perceive and understand the world around them.She stresses the importance of obtaining information about the world based on the unity of mind,body,and environment,with special emphasis on the interaction between the body and the environment,which fully reflects the great role of embodied cognition in the education of the deaf-blind.Finally,this study combines the theory of embodied cognitive learning environments to describe the implications of this case for the future development of deaf-blind education in terms of utilizing residual visual,auditory and multisensory functions,exploiting the advantages of information technology to develop more resources,guiding the formation of a healthy emotional and psychological state,and constructing an inclusive and pluralistic sociocultural environment in the hope that this case can provide a reference for the development of deaf-blind education.