饲用大麦籽粒品质性状的分析和评价

Analysis and Evaluation on Grain Quality Traits of Forage Barley

[目的]对饲用大麦种质资源的籽粒品质性状进行鉴定及评价,为后续利用资源提供参考。[方法]测定100份大麦种质资源籽粒的水分、蛋白质、淀粉、脂肪、纤维素、灰分和β-葡聚糖含量,运用描述统计、相关性分析、聚类分析、主成分分析方法分析7个品质性状的遗传多样性。[结果]7个品质性状的变异系数分布于2.92%~13.93%,纤维素含量的变异系数最大,淀粉含量的变异系数最小。相关性分析发现大麦籽粒蛋白质含量与β-葡聚糖含量极显著(P<0.01)负相关,纤维素含量与淀粉含量和β-葡聚糖含量极显著(P<0.01)负相关,淀粉含量与β-葡聚糖含量呈极显著(P<0.01)正相关。聚类分析将种质群体分为3类,第Ⅰ类30份材料,特点为纤维素含量、脂肪含量、灰分含量变异系数大;第Ⅱ类69份材料,特点为蛋白质含量、纤维素含量、脂肪含量的均值最低,淀粉含量、灰分含量、β-葡聚糖含量的均值最高;第Ⅲ类1份材料,特点是蛋白质含量最高、淀粉含量最低、灰分含量最低、β-葡聚糖含量最低。主成分分析发现,前2个主成分累计贡献率达到76.47%。[结论]供试材料的7个籽粒品质性状存在丰富的遗传多样性,获得1份高蛋白、低β-葡聚糖特异性材料GNM。

[Objective]The aims of the present study were to identify and evaluate the grain quality traits of forage barley germplasm resources,and to provide references for the subsequent resource utilization.[Method]A total of 100 barley germplasm resources were chosen and the contents of moisture,protein,starch,fat,cellulose,ash andβ-glucan of their grains were determined.The genetic diversities of the 7 quality traits were assessed using descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,cluster analysis and principal component analysis methods.[Result]The coefficients of variation for the 7 quality traits ranged from 2.92%to 13.93%,and the highest and the lowest were observed in cellulose content and starch content.Correlation analysis indicated that barley grain protein content had extremely significantly(P<0.01)negative correlation withβ-glucan content,cellulose content had extremely significantly(P<0.01)negative correlation with starch content andβ-glucan content,and starch content had extremely significantly(P<0.01)positive correlation withβ-glucan content.Cluster analysis divided the germplasm population into 3 categories.CategoryⅠwas composed of 30 materials which were characterized by high coefficients of variation in contents of cellulose,fat and ash.CategoryⅡwas composed of 69 materials which were characterized by the lowest average contents of protein,cellulose and fat as well as the highest average contents of starch,ash andβ-glucan.CategoryⅢhad one material which was characterized by the highest protein content and the lowest contents of starch,ash andβ-glucan.Principal component analysis demonstrated that the cumulative contribution rate of the first two principal components reached up to 76.47%.[Conclusion]The 7 grain quality traits of the tested forage barley germplasm resources were rich in genetic diversity.One germplasm,GNM,characterized by higher protein content and lowerβ-glucan content was obtained.