云南省玉溪市羊肠道寄生虫感染情况调查及风险因素分析

Investigation and Risk Factor Analysis of Intestinal Parasitic Infection in Sheep in Yuxi City,Yunnan Province

[目的]对云南省玉溪市羊肠道寄生虫感染情况进行调查,并对感染风险因素进行分析,为该地区羊肠道寄生虫病的科学防控提供参考。[方法]从玉溪市9个县(区)88个养殖场(户)采集4个品种羊的1339份新鲜粪便样本,采用饱和盐水漂浮法进行虫卵筛查,应用形态学方法对虫卵进行种类鉴定;比较不同县(区)、不同品种羊肠道寄生虫感染阳性率差异;利用流行病学方法分析羊只年龄、性别以及海拔高度、气温差异与羊肠道寄生虫感染的关联程度。[结果]采集的羊新鲜粪便样本中寄生虫虫卵/卵囊总体阳性率为93.43%(1251/1339),其中,线虫卵阳性率为24.42%(327/1339),球虫卵囊阳性率为69.01%(924/1339),线虫卵/球虫卵囊混合感染阳性率为20.09%(269/1339),未检出吸虫卵。不同县(区)、不同品种羊肠道线虫卵、球虫卵囊及线虫卵/球虫卵囊混合感染阳性率有所差异。风险因素分析显示,羊只年龄、海拔高度、气温因素与羊肠道线虫卵、球虫卵囊、线虫卵/球虫卵囊混合感染均有中等程度关联,羊只性别因素与羊肠道线虫卵、球虫卵囊、线虫卵/球虫卵囊混合感染无关联。[结论]云南省玉溪市羊肠道寄生虫感染率较高,感染虫种主要是线虫和球虫,感染率存在地区和品种差异;羊只年龄以及海拔高度和气温差异是引起该地区羊肠道寄生虫病高发的风险因素。

[Objective]This study was conducted to investigate the status of intestinal parasitic infection in sheep in Yuxi City,Yunnan Province,to analyze the infection risk factors,and to provide references for the scientific prevention and control of sheep intestinal parasitic diseases in this region.[Method]A total of 1339 fresh fecal samples of 4 sheep breeds were collected from 88 farms(households)in 9 counties(districts)of Yuxi City.Parasite eggs were screened by saturated saline floating method and subsequently identified by morphological method.The differences in intestinal parasitic infection rates in sheep in different counties(districts)and of varied breeds were compared.The relevance between intestinal parasitic infection and age,gender of sheep,as well as altitude,temperature differences of the sampling regions were analyzed by epidemiological method.[Result]The overall infection rate of parasite eggs/oocysts in the collected fresh sheep fecal samples was 93.43%(1251/1339).The positive rates of nematode eggs,Eimeria oocysts and mixed infection of nematode eggs/Eimeria oocysts were 24.42%(327/1339),69.01%(924/1339)and 20.09%(269/1339),respectively.No trematode eggs were detected.The positive rates of nematode eggs,Eimeria oocysts and mixed infection of nematode eggs/Eimeria oocysts among sheep in different counties(districts)and of varied breeds had differences.Risk factor analysis revealed that age of sheep as well as altitude and temperature of the sampling regions had moderate relevance with the single or mixed intestinal infections of nematode eggs and Eimeria oocysts,while gender of sheep had no relevance.[Conclusion]A high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was observed in sheep in Yuxi City,Yunnan Province,with the dominant infected species being nematodes and Eimeria.The intestinal parasitic infection rates varied by counties(districts)and sheep breeds.The age of sheep as well as the differences in altitude and temperature were the risk factors for the high prevalence.