政府采购、数字经济发展与产业结构升级

Government Procurement,Digital Economy Development and Industrial Structure Upgrading

发展数字经济是实现新发展格局的重要战略选择。政府采购政策可以从供给与需求两侧共同发力,为发展数字经济提供有力支持,从而实现产业结构升级。利用微观政府采购订单信息所构建的政府采购数据,分析政府采购支持产业结构升级的作用机制及具体效果。研究表明:政府采购需求可以通过直接作用于数字化治理,带动数字产业化和产业数字化,进而对产业结构升级起到正向引导作用,特别是对产业结构合理化的影响更加显著。进一步研究发现,城市治理水平、城市服务水平、城市基础研究和科技人才的关注程度越高,政府采购需求对产业结构升级的促进作用就越显著。企业家创新精神、创业精神以及企业创新活力越强,政府采购需求对产业结构升级的推动作用也就越明显。因此,需要协同政府采购政策与数字产业发展战略,以有效发挥政府采购政策的“靶向性”作用;提高城市服务水平和治理水平,以有效发挥政府采购对产业结构升级的“助推器”作用;加大政府采购对基础研究的支持力度,以有效发挥基础研究创新对产业结构升级的“聚变性”作用。

Developing the digital economy is an important strategic choice to achieve a new development pattern.Government procurement policies can work together from both supply and demand sides to provide strong support for the development of the digital economy,thereby achieving industrial structure upgrading.This paper makes use of the data of government procurement constructed with the micro governmentalprocurement order information to analyze the mechanism and specific effects of government procurement supporting industrial structure upgrading.The findings show that government procurement demand can directly affect digitalized governance,driving digital industrialization and industrial digitization,and thus have a positive guiding effect on industrial structure upgrading,especially on the rationalization of industrial structure.Further research has found that the higher the degree of focus on the urban governancelevel,the urban service level,the urban basic researches,and the scientific and technological talents,the more significant the promoting effect of government procurement demand on industrial structure upgrading.The stronger the entrepreneurs’innovativespirit,the entrepreneurial spirit,and the innovative vitality of enterprises,the more obvious the driving effect of government procurement demand on industrial structure upgrading.Therefore,it is necessary to collaborate government procurement policies with digital industry development strategies to effectively leverage the“targeted”role of government procurement policies,improve urban service level and governance level to effectively leverage the role of government procurement as a“booster”for industrial structure upgrading,and increase the support of government procurement for the basic researches to effectively leverage the“fusion”role of basic research innovation in upgrading industrial structure.