契约伦理与伦理选择——关于文学伦理学批评的跨学科思考

Contract Ethics and Ethical Choice:An Interdisciplinary Reflection on Ethical Literary Criticism

作为一种影响深广的伦理类型,契约伦理不仅奠定了现实伦理秩序的基础,而且形成了脉络贯通的伦理书写传统。契约伦理的文学书写表明,契约伦理与伦理选择的双重涵义之间具有密切的关联:当伦理选择作为具体选择活动时,契约伦理通过伦理身份、伦理关系和伦理秩序等因素影响作家和人物的伦理选择,而作品通过伦理选择传达出独特的人文思考,反过来能够促进现实契约伦理的建构、优化和重塑;当伦理选择指称人类文明的发展阶段时,契约伦理作为科学伦理的规约机制和动力机制,在时刻经历转型的“后伦理选择时代”发挥着重要作用。基于其文学表征和理论特性,可以将契约伦理作为文学伦理批评跨学科研究的问题域,在一定程度上推动文学伦理学批评的理论拓展和实践深化。

As a profoundly influential ethical type, contract ethics not only lays the foundationfor the practical ethical order, but also forms a coherent tradition of ethical writing. Theliterary writing of contract ethics indicates a close connection between contract ethics andthe dual implications of ethical choice: when ethical choice is a specific choice activity,contract ethics affects the ethical choices of writers and characters through various factors,such as ethical identity, ethical relationships, and ethical order. Through their ethical choices,the works convey their unique humanistic thinking, which in turn promote the construction,optimization, and reshaping of realistic contract ethics. When ethical choices refer to thedevelopmental phases of human civilization, contract ethics, as the regulatory and drivingmechanism of scientific ethics, plays an important role in the “post-ethical selection era” that undergoes constant transformations. Given the characteristics of its literary representationand theory, contract ethics can be addressed as an issue for the interdisciplinary research onEthical Literary Criticism, which will advance, to some extent, theoretical expansion andpractical dissemination of Ethical Literary Criticism.