空间的社会生产:乌托邦、消费主义与城市

THE SOCIAL PRODUCTION OF SPACE:UTOPIA,CONSUMERISM AND THE CITY

二十世纪六七十年代是欧美发达国家一个重要的历史转折时期。本文首先回顾二十世纪六十年代欧美社会、城市与建筑的转向,认为这是一个需要重新认识的关键阶段;进而探讨自由市场与“招揽型”城市中空间生产的关系,认为从福利经济转向自由市场经济后,空间改性,空间成为商品,福利城市转变为以利润为导向的消费主义城市,而设计的普遍状态就存在于这一现实的社会进程当中。面对这一当下城市与建筑领域的严峻挑战和新出现的状况,需要重新想象当代乌托邦,路径之一就是运用那个时期的批判精神和想象力,重新构想城市,以抵抗新消费主义与全景数据景观。

In the sixties and seventies of the twentieth century,the US and Europe were at a turning period in modern society.This paper begins by reviewing the social,urban and architectural turn of the 1960s,and argues that this is a critical stage that needed to be revisited.Furthermore,this paper discusses the relationship of space production in free market and"solicitation"cities,and argues that the shift from welfare economy to free market economy has modified space:space has become a commodity,welfare cities have been transformed into profit-oriented cities,and the universal state of design exists in this real social process.Facing with this challenge,this paper argues that one of paths to reimagine contemporary utopias is to return to the critical spirit and imagination and to reimagine cities,in order to resist neo-consumerism and panoramic data landscapes.