摘要
2017年2—9月,重庆市文化遗产研究院(今重庆市文物考古研究院)、奉节县文物保护管理中心组成的白帝城遗址考古队对位于白帝城核心区的子阳城遗址进行了重点发掘,发现并清理了一座南宋时期的兵器埋藏坑,集中出土铜、铁制兵器89件。根据兵器性能特点,分为冷、热兵器两类:冷兵器包括铁矛类近战兵器,铜弩机、铁镞类远射兵器;热兵器为铁火炮。结合文献记载,冷兵器中的铁镞应为大型弓弩所发射的镞,Aa型镞应为穿甲箭镞;热兵器A型铁火炮应以近距离投射为主,B、C型铁火炮应以远距离抛射为主,均属爆炸型火器。铁火炮是我国初级火器创制和使用阶段的重要代表,白帝城遗址出土较多保存完整的铁火炮,是研究我国初级火器制造、使用和功能的重要样本。
From February to September 2017,Baidicheng Site Archaeological Team which was composed of Chongqing Cultural Heritage Research Institute(now known as Chongqing Cultural Relics and Archaeology Research Institute)and the Center of Cultural Relic Protection and Management of Fengjie County,conducted a focused excavation of the Ziyang City Site located in the core area of Baidicheng Site,during which a hoard pit of weapons from the Southern Song Dynasty was discovered,yielding a total of 89 copper and iron weapons.Based on the property of the weapons,they were classified into two categories:cold weapons including iron spear-like close combat weapons,copper crossbow mechanism and iron dart-like long-range weapons,and iron artillery.According to historical records,it is believed that the iron dart-like weapons were used on large crossbows,with Type A being armor-piercing arrowheads;Among the firearms,Type A iron artillery were mainly used for close-range projection,while Type B and C iron artillery were mainly used for long-range projection,all of which were explosive firearms.As an important representation of the early stage of firearm creation and use in China,the iron artillery unearthed at the Baidicheng Site in large quantity and intact condition provide important samples for the study of the creation,use,and function of early firearms in China.
出处
《四川文物》
北大核心
2024年第1期103-111,共9页
Sichuan Cultural Relics
基金
重庆市文物考古研究院绩效激励引导专项课题“奉节县白帝城樊家台遗址兵器埋藏坑的发现与研究”(项目编号:2021JL04)。
关键词
白帝城遗址
兵器
铁火炮
南宋
Baidicheng Site
Weapons
Iron artillery
Southern Song Dynasty