工程机械用钢前沿生产技术(一)

Advanced manufacturing techniques for construction machinery steel(part 1)

工程机械行业近年来发展迅猛,带动了上游钢铁行业在工程机械用钢生产方面的技术进步。我国钢铁企业基于工程机械行业的迫切需求,与高校和科研院所联合,开发出系列关键共性技术:(1)针对特厚规格钢板生产中面临的压缩比不足问题,开发出液芯大压下技术和“温控-形变”耦合轧制工艺,促进变形向钢板中心渗透、改善了其心部缩孔、疏松缺陷;(2)开发出超快冷技术,实现了工程机械用钢组织和性能在线调控;(3)开发出极薄、特厚规格离线淬火装置,解决了厚板冷却能力不足、薄板板形不良等热处理瓶颈问题;(4)开发出薄与极薄规格钢板在线热处理工艺和装备,实现了工程机械用钢的绿色化生产;(5)运用数字化手段,基于热轧过程极为丰富的大数据,解决了工程机械用钢生产中稳定性不足的问题。介绍了以上关键共性技术及其应用,实现了高强、高韧、特厚、极薄等各类工程机械用钢的批量稳定生产。此外,还介绍了我国典型工程机械用钢产品的研发历程,分析了国内知名钢企在工程机械用钢开发和推广过程中的高性能化和品牌化战略路线,探讨了工程机械用钢全生命周期循环利用策略。通过“产、学、研、制、用”协同攻关合作,我国钢铁企业开发出满足工程机械关键原材料制造需求的各类钢铁材料,促进了相关行业发展,提升了我国工程机械行业的国际竞争力。

The construction machinery industry has developed rapidly in recent years,driving the technological advancement of the upstream steel industry in the production of steel for construction machinery.Based on the urgent requirement of the construction machinery industry,steel enterprises in China have cooperated with universities and research institutes to develop a series of key common technologies:(1)to address the issue of insufficient compression ratio faced in the production of ultra-heavy plates,liquid core reduction technique and“temperature-deformation”coupling control rolling process were developed to promote deformation penetrated into the center of the plate,improving the internal shrinkage/porosity defects;(2)the ultra-fast cooling technology was developed to achieve on-line microstructure and properties control of steel for construction machinery;(3)ultra-thin and ultra-heavy plates off-line quenching equipment were developed,solving the bottleneck problems of insufficient cooling capacity for heavy plates and poor flatness for thin plates observed in heat treatment processes;(4)the on-line heat treatment process and equipment for thin and ultra-thin plates were developed,achieving environmentally friendly production of steel for construction machinery;(5)by utilizing digital means and leveraging the extensive data obtained during the hot rolling process,the inadequacy in stability during the production of steel for construction machinery have been resolved.The aforementioned key common technologies and their applications are introduced,enabling stable mass production of various types of construction machinery steel characterized by high-strength,high-toughness,ultra-heavy,and ultra-thin,among others.Moreover,the research and development history of typical construction machinery steel products used in China are also introduced,the high-performance and branding strategies adopted by well-known domestic steel enterprises during the development and promotion ofconstruction machinery steel are analyzed,and the whole life-cycle recycling strategy for construction machinery steel is discussed.Through synergistic breakthrough cooperation in“production,learning,research,manufacturing,and application”,domestic steel enterprises have developed various types of steel materials that meet the critical raw material manufacturingrequirements of construction machinery industry,promoting the development of related industries and enhancing the internationalcompetitiveness of China in construction machinery industry.