中西部农村地区老年人慢性病患病及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Midwest Rural Elderly Patients with Chronic Disease in China

本文旨在了解中西部农村地区老年人慢性病患病情况及相关影响因素,为积极应对健康老龄化提供参考依据。采取分层整群抽样的方法,选取西藏、新疆、青海、云南、湖北、陕西6省和重庆市下辖的20县(区)的130个行政村,年满60周岁的14837名老年人为调查对象,以入户面访问卷调查方式收集调查对象的一般人口学特征、生活方式以及慢性病患病情况。结果表明,慢性病的总体患病率为38.94%,居前5的慢性病依次是高血压(25.64%)、呼吸系统疾病(5.08%)、关节炎或关节病(4.41%)、心脏病(3.55%)、糖尿病(2.93%)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,民族、BMI、婚姻状况、睡眠质量、感到孤独程度、是否参加健康知识讲座等是慢性病患病的影响因素。故我国中西部农村地区慢性病患病率较高,超重和肥胖、睡眠质量差、感到孤独是引起慢性病的主要危险因素,高血压应是健康干预的重要疾病,加强健康知识的宣传有助于降低慢性病患病风险。

A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to select 14837 who were over 60 years old in 130 administrative villages in 20 counties(districts) under the jurisdiction of Tibet,Xinjiang,Qinghai,Yunnan,Hubei,Shanxi6 provinces and Chongqing(Municipality).A questionnaire survey was conducted in the form of door-to-door interviews with the elderly to collect the general demographic characteristics,lifestyle,and prevalence of chronic diseases of the subjects.The results showed that the overall prevalence of chronic diseases was 38.94%.The top 5 chronic diseases were hypertension(25.64%),respiratory diseases(5.08%),arthritis or joint disease(4.41%),heart disease(3.55%) and Diabetes(2.93%).The ethnicity,BMI,marital status,sleep quality,feeling lonely,whether to participate in health knowledge lectures,etc.were the influencing factors of chronic diseases.The problem of aging in midwest rural areas was serious,and the prevalence of chronic diseases was high.Among them,overweight and obesity,poor sleep quality,and feeling lonely were the main risk factors for chronic diseases.Hypertension should be an important disease for intervention.Strengthen health knowledge Propaganda helps reduce the risk of chronic diseases.