《抑郁焦虑筛查简表》在6个行业女职工中的应用效果评价

Study on reliability and validity of a Simplified Scale for Depression and Anxiety Screening among professional females in six industries

目的 评价自制的《抑郁焦虑筛查简表》在6个行业的女职工中的应用效果,分析该量表的信度和效度。方法 依据症状自评量表(Symptom Checklist 90,SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(Self-Rating Depression Scale,SDS)、焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS),编制《抑郁焦虑筛查简表》。在全国范围内随机抽取10个省、自治区的30个城市的金融、教育、医疗卫生、通信、机械制造和石油及采矿业的女性职工为调查对象,采用该量表进行心理健康调查。分别评价量表各条目的区分度、各条目得分与总分的Spearman相关性。使用Cronbach’s α系数评价同质性信度,Guttman Split-Half系数评价分半信度,并采用Omega信度评估组合信度结果。使用探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析评价量表的效度。结果 回收有效问卷共89 611份。探索性因子分析总量表按照问卷预设固定抽取2个因子,累计解释变异率71.243%。验证性因子分析2因子、14项目的模型的各项适配度指标均较好。14个项目和总分的Spearman相关系数介于0.649~0.852。总量表Cronbach’s α系数为0.956,Guttman Split-Half系数为0.912。总量表Omega信度为0.957。结论 编制的《抑郁焦虑筛查简表》简便易用,信度和效度较好,适用于多个行业女职工的抑郁与焦虑筛查。

Objective To evaluate the application effect of a“Simplified Scale for Depression and Anxiety Screening”among professional females in six industries and analyze the reliability and validity of this self-developed questionnaire.Methods A Simplified Scale for Depression and Anxiety Screening was developed based on the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90),the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS).Using this simplified scale,the psychologic status of professional females who worked in the finance,education,healthcare,communication,machinery manufacturing,and petroleum and mining industries in 30 cities in 10 provinces or autonomous regions nationwide was surveyed.The discrimination of each item on the scale and the Spearman correlation between the score of each item and the total score were evaluated.Cronbach’sαcoefficient,Guttman Split-Half coefficient and,Omega coefficient were used to evaluate homogeneity reliability,split-half reliability,and composite reliability.Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to evaluate its validity.Results A total of 89611 valid questionnaires were collected.Exploratory factor analysis extracted two factors from the total scale,explaining a cumulative explanatory variance of 71.243%.Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit indices for the 2-factor,14-item model.The Spearman correlation coefficients between the 14 items and the total score ranged from 0.649 to 0.852.The Cronbach’sαcoefficient for the total questionnaire was 0.956,the Guttman Split-Half coefficient was 0.912,and the Omega coefficient was 0.957.Conclusions This self-developed Simplified Scale for Depression and Anxiety Screening is convenient,reliable,and valid,suitable for screening depression and anxiety in female workers from various industries.