退役动力电池回收利用的现状及碳核算研究进展

A review on current status and carbon accounting of recycling and reusing of spent power batteries

新能源汽车行业的蓬勃发展促使动力电池报废量大幅上涨,产生数量庞大的固体废物。通过梯次利用和回收再生对退役动力电池进行再利用不仅能够实现有价金属的资源化再利用,还可降低碳排放和生产成本,是推进循环经济发展和资源集约利用的关键环节,对于落实“双碳”战略和推进生态文明建设具有重要意义。目前,研究领域内已发布大量与退役电池相关的文献和资讯,汇总行业关键信息,为业内人员提供参考十分有必要。为此,本综述立足行业现状,讨论了退役动力电池不同回收利用方式对环境和经济的影响,同时,分析回收利用现状并归纳研究进展,提出退役动力电池碳排放核算方法,指出回收的必要性和可行性,为建设无废城市和实现“双碳”目标提供借鉴。希望电池回收行业未来能够在国家的宏观调控下,结合高效绿色的回收技术和相关标准规范实现健康有序发展。要点:(1)退役电池回收再生能够有效实现资源循环利用并减少碳排放。(2)不同电池再生方式产生的环境影响和经济效益各异。(3)退役动力电池碳核算是助力“双碳”目标实现的重要方式。

The booming development of the new energy vehicle industry has prompted a significant rise in the amount of end-of-life power batteries,which in turn generates a huge amount of solid waste.Reuse of retired power batteries through laddering utilization and recycling can not only realize the resourceful reuse of valuable metals but also reduce carbon emissions and production costs.As an important part of developing the circular economy and promoting the intensive use of resources,the recycling and the resource utilization of power batteries are of great significance to the implementation of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategy and the promotion of the construction of ecological civilization.Currently,a substantial body of literature and information pertaining to retired batteries has been extensively disseminated across the pertinent domains.Consequently,it is imperative to consolidate the pivotal insights within the industry to furnish industry professionals with a comprehensive point of reference.Overall,based on the current situation of the industry,the main purpose of this review is to discuss the environmental and economic impacts of the different recycling and reusing methods for retired batteries from the perspectives of the recycling process.By analyzing the current situation of recycling and summarizing the progress of research,an accounting method for carbon emissions from decommissioned power batteries is proposed,and then it is pointed out the necessity and feasibility of recycling.The aim of this review is to provide new insights into building waste-free cities and achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality target.It is hoped that the battery recycling industry will be able to realize healthy and orderly development in the future under the macro-control of the country,combined with efficient and eco-friendly retired battery recycling technology and relevant standards and norms.Key learning points:(1)Recycling of retired batteries can effectively realize the circulation of resources and reduce carbon emissions.(2)Different battery regeneration methods produce various environmental impacts and economic benefits.(3)Carbon accounting for retired power batteries is an important way to assist in the realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality target.