湖北省39个中稻品种2022年度耐热性鉴定与利用评价

Identification and Utilization Evaluation of Heat Tolerance of 39 Medium Oryza sativa L. Varieties in Hubei Province in 2022

为鉴定评价2022年度湖北省已进入第二年区试的39个中稻品种的耐热性,利用江汉平原抽穗开花至灌浆结实期自然高温的气候特点,通过分期播种,采用田间自然鉴定与玻璃温室鉴定相结合的方法开展研究。结果表明,本年度高温时段很好地覆盖了供试材料田间第1播期的开花期,以及第2、3播期的孕穗期和开花期,完全达到了鉴定条件要求;玻璃温室的温度也完全达到了鉴定条件要求,鉴定结果有效。39份供试材料耐热性总体表现优良。佳稻2806、贡两优17和荃优803等3个耐热性强的品种可优先审定后在热害常发稻区进行推广应用,其中佳稻2806还可作为耐热性种质资源进行育种利用。29个耐热性较强的品种可根据其他性状综合表现进行审定,并在热害常发稻区推广应用,其中扬辐糯4号、襄中稻2号、金籼占925、华珍166、襄中稻3号、楚晶丝苗、福香288和黄华占等8个耐热性较强的常规品种(系),在耐热性育种种质资源较少的情况下具有一定的利用价值。7个品种耐热性表现一般至较弱,其中源两优888、CD3A/宜恢80和19香等3个耐热性较弱的品种应优先淘汰。华两优2134、华两优8620、沪研优1017和南红3号等4个耐热性表现一般的品种,在推广应用中也要特别谨慎。

In order to identify and evaluate the heat resistance of 39 medium Oryza sativa L.varieties that had entered the second year of regional trial in Hubei Province in 2022 and to provide reference for the approval and promotion of new Oryza sativa L.varieties in Hubei Province,the natural high temperature climate characteristics of the heading and flowering in the Jianghan Plain to the filling and setting period were used to carry out research by sowing seeds in stages,using the method of combining natural field identification and glass greenhouse identification.The results showed that the high temperature period of this year well covered the flowering period of the first sowing stage,as well as the gestation and flowering stages of the second and third sowing periods of the test materials,and fully met the requirements of the identification conditions.The temperature of the glass greenhouse also fully met the requirements of the identification conditions,and the identification results were valid.The heat resistance of 39 tested materials was excellent.Three varieties with high heat resistance,such as Jiaodao2806,Gongliangyou17 and Quanyou803,could be promoted and applied in Oryza sativa L.areas with frequent heat damage after priority approval,and Jiaodao2806 could also be used as heat-resistant germplasm resources for breeding.Among the 29 varieties with strong heat tolerance,they could be determined according to the comprehensive performance of other traits,and were popularized and applied in the heat damage frequent Oryza sativa L.area,among which 8 conventional varieties(lines)with strong heat resistance,such as Yangfunuo No.4,Xiangzhongdao No.2,Jincanzhan925,Huazhen166,Xiangzhongdao No.3,Chujingsimiao,Fuxiang 288 and Huanghuazhan,had certain use value when the heat tolerance breeding germplasm resources were small.The heat resistance of 7 varieties was generally to weak,among which 3 varieties with weak heat resistance,such as Yuanliangyou888,CD3A/Yihui80 and Xiang19,should be eliminated first.Hualiangyou2134,Hualiangyou8620,Huyanyou1017 and Nanhong No.3 and other 4 varieties with average heat resistance should be especially cautious in their promotion and application.