摘要
随着信息技术的发展,电磁污染问题日益严重,开发具有“薄、轻、宽、强”特性的高性能吸波材料成为当务之急。石墨烯高电导率、高比表面积、低密度的优良特性受到研究人员的广泛关注。为解决单一石墨烯材料易引起的阻抗失配及损耗机制单一问题,引入其他组分制备多元复合材料,改善阻抗匹配、创造多样化的损耗机制是通用的设计方案。本文简要讨论了吸波机制,分述了介电型、磁复合型、有序型、压力诱导型4个类别,并通过材料选择(金属、陶瓷、铁氧体、导电聚合物、生物质材料等)、结构设计、机制分析等角度,结合领域内近年来的研究成果,总结了石墨烯基气凝胶吸波材料的研究进展,并对未来研究方向进行展望。
With the development of information technology,electromagnetic pollution has become increasingly severe.Therefore,the development of high-performance microwave absorbing materials with"thin,light,wide,and strong"characteristics has become a top priority.Graphene's excellent properties,such as high conductivity,high specific surface area,and low density,have attracted widespread attention from researchers.To solve the problem of impedance mismatch and single loss mechanism caused by single graphene material,other components are introduced to prepare multi-component composite materials,which improve impedance matching and create diverse loss mechanisms,making it a common design solution.This paper briefly discusses the absorption mechanism,describing four categories:Dielectric type,magnetic composite type,ordered type,and pressure-induced type.Through material selection(metals,ceramics,ferrites,conductive polymers,biomass materials,etc.),structural design,mechanism analysis,and combining with recent research results in the field,the research progress of graphene aerogel based microwave absorbing materials is summarized,and future research directions are also proposed.
作者
乔明涛
齐靖泊
王佳妮
史金轩
李祥
雷琬莹
魏剑
QIAO Mingtao;QI Jingbo;WANG Jiani;SHI Jinxuan;LI Xiang;LEI Wanying;WEI Jian(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)
出处
《复合材料学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期548-560,共13页
Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica
基金
陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目(22 JY037,22 JY039)。
关键词
石墨烯
气凝胶
吸波
结构设计
阻抗匹配
电磁污染
graphene
aerogel
microwave absorption
structure design
impedance matching
electromagnetic pollution