空心铁基碳纤维复合材料的制备及吸波性能

Preparation and microwave absorption performance of hollow iron-based carbon fiber composites

为了改善因通信和电子设备的快速发展而造成的日益严重的电磁污染,解决磁性碳基吸波材料制备方法繁杂、能耗高等问题。提出了一种新型铁基碳纤维吸波材料的开发方法,以空心杨絮纤维为载体,Fe^(3+)为金属源,采用湿式化学吸附和高温碳热还原的方法,得到了具有优良微波吸收性能的Fe-Fe_(x)O_(y)/C复合材料。实验结果表明:随煅烧温度升高,铁组分与杨絮中含氧基团结合生成不同的铁的氧化物(Fe/Fe_(3)O_(4)/FeO),材料的矫顽力和饱和磁化强度增强,铁磁特性明显;Fe-Fe_(x)O_(y)/C-600吸收剂厚度为3 mm时,有效吸收带宽可达8.4 GHz(7.2~15.6 GHz),复合材料优异的吸波性能归因于适宜的阻抗匹配和介电损耗与磁损耗的协同增强,相互搭载的纤维结构为电磁波构筑了适宜的衰减空间,并在碳纤维导电网络中快速衰减,研究将为新型铁基碳纤维吸波材料的设计开发提供借鉴。

In order to improve the increasingly serious electromagnetic pollution caused by the rapid development of communication and electronic devices,and solve the problems of complicated preparation methods and high energy consumption of magnetic carbon-based absorbing materials,this project proposes a new method for developing iron-based carbon fiber absorbing materials.Using hollow poplar catkin fibers as carriers,Fe^(3+)as the metal source,and wet chemical adsorption and high-temperature carbon thermal reduction methods,Fe-Fe_(x)O_(y)/C composite materials with excellent microwave absorption properties were obtained.The experimental results show that as the calcination temperature increases,different iron oxides(Fe/Fe_(3)O_(4)/FeO)are generated by combining the iron component with oxygen-containing groups in the Yangxu fibers,and the coercivity and saturation magnetization of the material are enhanced,and the ferromagnetic properties are obvious.Fe-Fe_(x)O_(y)/C-600 has the best absorption performance,and the effective absorption bandwidth can reach 8.4 GHz(7.2-15.6 GHz)when the thickness of the absorber is 3 mm.The excellent absorption performance of the composite material is attributed to the synergy of impedance matching and dielectric loss and magnetic loss,and the mutually carried fiber structure builds a suitable attenuation space for electromagnetic waves and quickly attenuates in the carbon fiber conductive network.The research will provide reference for the design and development of new iron based carbon fiber absorbing materials.