舰载跟踪雷达对掠海飞行目标的跟踪影响分析

Influence Analysis of Shipborne Tracking Radar Tracking Sea-skimming Flying Targets

雷达跟踪掠海飞行目标时,容易受到复杂海情的影响,导致雷达不能准确跟踪目标。在某次跟踪雷达试验过程中发现,雷达在较远距离跟踪目标时仰角测量值异常,较真值明显偏大。针对这一现象,对仰角误差异常原因进行分析定位,发现近距离跟踪目标时,由于多路径效应影响,仰角跟踪误差在很小的系统差内进行周期性变化,符合多路径影响规律。而雷达在远距离跟踪目标时,受蒸发波导影响为主,较多路径效应影响更大,使电磁波传播发生“超折射”现象,导致远距离仰角测量明显偏大。仿真研究了不同发射角度的仰角探测误差与距离的关系,结果表明,蒸发波导使雷达电磁波被陷获在波导结构内部经多次反射后到达目标,导致雷达对目标的仰角跟踪误差增大。

When a radar tracks targets flying over the sea,it is easily influenced by complex sea conditions,which results in the radar being unable to accurately track the target.During a tracking radar test process,it is found that the elevation measurement value is abnormal when the radar tracks the target at a long distance,and is significantly higher than the true value.In response to this phenomenon,the article analyzes and locates the causes of abnormal elevation error,and summarizes that when the radar tracks targets at close range,due to the influence of multipath effects,the elevation tracking error undergoes periodic changes within a small system error,which conforms to the law of multipath influence.When the radar tracks targets at a long distance,evaporation waveguide is the main path,and it has a greater impact than that of the multipath effect,causes the propagation of electromagnetic waves to undergo“super-refraction”phenomenon,which results in significantly larger elevation measured at long distances.The relationship between elevation detection error and distance at different launch angles is simulated and studied in the article.The results show that the radar electromagnetic waves are trapped by the evaporation waveguide and reflected multiple times inside the waveguide structure before reaching the target,which results in an increase in the elevation tracking error of the radar towards the target.