湖南永州方言“的话”的特殊用法

The Special Usages of“De Hua(的话)”in Yongzhou Dialect

隶属于湖南省永州市西南官话湘南片区的永州方言,它的“的话”用法除了跟普通话一样可以用作话题标记或表假设语气外,还可以表否定语气、肯定语气、限止语气、庆幸婉惜语气、微忧语气、意外语气、责备语气,用法不仅十分丰富,而且颇为特殊,大部分用法不见于普通话和其他方言,是一笔极为珍贵的语言资源。这些特殊用法,或许能为探索现代汉语“的话”的来源提供一定的线索。

The“De Hua”usage of Yongzhou dialect,which belongs to the southern Hunan area of Southwest Mandarin in Yongzhou City,Hunan Province,can be used as a topic marker or a hypothetical mood just like Mandarin.In addition,it can also express negative mood,positive mood,mood of limit and end,mood of happiness and regret,mood of slightly worried,unexpected mood,blame mood and so on.Its usage is not only very rich,but also quite special,because most of its usage is not found in Mandarin and other dialects,and it is a very valuable language resource.These special usages may provide some clues for exploring the source of“De Hua”in modern Chinese.